Dergiler / European Journal of Life Sciences / 2026 / Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Individual social capital and self-rated health status across income groups in Türkiye

Hakan Değerli(Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu Tıbbi Dokümantasyon ve Sekreterlik Programı)0000-0002-7268-4320
Semih Baş(BİLECİK ŞEYH EDEBALİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-0093-6290
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2026-05-01
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

In conclusion, it highlights the importance of reducing health inequalities and addressing both social and economic determinants in health management and health policy interventions.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Social capital is one of the social determinants that influence an individual’s health status.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:This study examines the effect of individual social capital on subjective health perceptions among different income groups in Türkiye, utilizing the 2018 World Values Survey (WVS) dataset.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:In conclusion, it highlights the importance of reducing health inequalities and addressing both social and economic determinants in health management and health policy interventions.
🔬Tür:Uygulamalı Anket & Alan Araştırması
📍Kapsam:2018 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:individual social capital · ordered-probit · self-rated health

Abstract

Social capital is one of the social determinants that influence an individual’s health status. However, the effects of individual social capital on health vary according to individuals’ socioeconomic status. This study examines the effect of individual social capital on subjective health perceptions among different income groups in Türkiye, utilizing the 2018 World Values Survey (WVS) dataset. The sample includes 2,415 individuals aged 18 and over, selected through a multi-stage stratified random sampling method to ensure national representativeness across geographic and demographic strata. Data gathered through face-to-face interviews provides a reliable basis for evaluating the relationship between social, political, and economic attitudes and health outcomes in the Turkish context. The research objective was achieved using an ordered probit regression model. The research findings indicate that having high individual social capital increases the probability of reporting better self-assessed health across all income levels. However, the mathematical magnitude of these probabilities is significantly greater in high-income individuals compared to low-income individuals. The results contribute to the literature by providing significant empirical support for both buffering and dependency theories. In conclusion, it highlights the importance of reducing health inequalities and addressing both social and economic determinants in health management and health policy interventions.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Değerli, H., Baş, S. (2026). Individual social capital and self-rated health status across income groups in Türkiye. European Journal of Life Sciences, Volume: 5 Issue: 1. https://doi.org/10.55971/EJLS.1863737

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (46)

  1. Bourdieu P. The Forms of Capital. In: Biggart NW, editor. Readings in Economic Sociology. Wiley; (2002). p. 280–291. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470755679.ch15
  2. Putnam RD. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster; (2000).
  3. Ferlander S. The importance of different forms of social capital for health. Acta Sociologica. (2007);50(2):115–128. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699307077654
  4. Kawachi I, Kennedy BP, Glass R. Social capital and self-rated health: A contextual analysis. Am J Public Health. (1999);89(8):1187–1193. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.89.8.1187
  5. Poortinga W. Social relations or social capital? Individual and community health effects of bonding social capital. Soc Sci Med. (2006);63(1):255–270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.11.039
  6. Yuan M, Yue-qun C, Hao W, Hong X. Does social capital promote health? Soc Indic Res. (2022);162(2):501–524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-021-02810-8
  7. Hyyppä MT, Mäki J, Impivaara O, Aromaa A. Individual-level measures of social capital as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A population-based prospective study of men and women in Finland. Eur J Epidemiol. (2007);22(9):589–597. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-007-9153-y
  8. Petrou S, Kupek E. Social capital and its relationship with measures of health status: Evidence from the Health Survey for England 2003. Health Econ. (2008);17(1):127–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.1242
  9. Story WT, Glanville JL. Comparing the association between social capital and self-rated health in poor and affluent nations. SSM Popul Health. (2019);9:100508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100508
  10. Eriksson M. Social capital and health – implications for health promotion. Glob Health Action. (2011);4(1):5611. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v4i0.5611
  11. Kawachi I, Berkman L. Social Cohesion, Social Capital, and Health. In: Social Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press; (2000). p. 174–190. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195083316.003.0008
  12. Cohen S, Wills TA. Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychol Bull. (1985);98(2):310–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
  13. Thoits PA. Mechanisms linking social ties and support to physical and mental health. J Health Soc Behav. (2011);52(2):145–161. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022146510395592
  14. Cao D, Zhou Z, Liu G, Shen C, Ren Y, Zhao D, Zhao D, Zhao Y, Deng Q, Zhai X. Does social capital buffer or exacerbate mental health inequality? Evidence from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS). Int J Equity Health. (2022);21(1):75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-022-01642-3
  15. Portes A. Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annu Rev Sociol. (1998);24(1):1–24. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.1
  16. Beaudoin CE. Social capital and health status: Assessing whether the relationship varies between blacks and whites. Psychol Health. (2009);24(1):109–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440701700997
  17. Uphoff EP, Pickett KE, Cabieses B, Small N, Wright J. A systematic review of the relationships between social capital and socioeconomic inequalities in health: A contribution to understanding the psychosocial pathway of health inequalities. Int J Equity Health. (2013);12(1):54. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-12-54
  18. Islam MK, Merlo J, Kawachi I, Lindström M, Gerdtham UG. Social capital and health: Does egalitarianism matter? A literature review. Int J Equity Health. (2006);5(1):3. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-5-3
  19. Murayama H, Fujiwara Y, Kawachi I. Social capital and health: A review of prospective multilevel studies. J Epidemiol. (2012);22(3):179–187. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20110128
  20. Sun X, Rehnberg C, Meng Q. How are individual-level social capital and poverty associated with health equity? A study from two Chinese cities. Int J Equity Health. (2009);8(1):2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-8-2
  21. Cao J, Rammohan A. Social capital and healthy ageing in Indonesia. BMC Public Health. (2016);16(1):631. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3257-9
  22. Liu GG, Xue X, Yu C, Wang Y. How does social capital matter to the health status of older adults? Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey. Econ Hum Biol. (2016);22:177–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2016.04.003
  23. Ejlskov L, Mortensen RN, Overgaard C, Christensen LRBU, Vardinghus-Nielsen H, Kræmer SRJ, Wissenberg M, Hansen SM, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen CD. Individual social capital and survival: A population study with 5-year follow-up. BMC Public Health. (2014);14(1):1025. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1025
  24. Kavanagh AM. Does gender modify associations between self rated health and the social and economic characteristics of local environments? J Epidemiol Community Health (1978). (2006);60(6):490–495. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2005.043562
  25. Eriksson M, Dahlgren L, Janlert U, Weinehall L, Emmelin M. Social capital, gender and educational level impact on self-rated health. Open Public Health J. (2010);3(1):1–12. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874944501003010001
  26. Kawachi I. Social capital and community effects on population and individual health. Ann N Y Acad Sci. (1999);896(1):120–130. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08110.x
  27. Moore S, Daniel M, Gauvin L, Dubé L. Not all social capital is good capital. Health Place. (2009);15(4):1071–1077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2009.05.005
  28. Åslund C, Starrin B, Nilsson KW. Psychosomatic symptoms and low psychological well-being in relation to employment status: The influence of social capital in a large cross-sectional study in Sweden. Int J Equity Health. (2014);13(1):22. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-13-22
  29. Kuurdor EDM, Tanaka H, Kitajima T, Amexo JX, Sokejima S. Social capital and self-rated health: A cross-sectional study among rural Japanese working residents. Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2022);19(21):14018. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114018
  30. van Hooijdonk C, Droomers M, Deerenberg IM, Mackenbach JP, Kunst AE. The diversity in associations between community social capital and health per health outcome, population group and location studied. Int J Epidemiol. (2008);37(6):1384–1392. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyn181
  31. Beaudoin CE, Wendel ML, Drake K. A study of individual‐level social capital and health outcomes: Testing for variance between rural and urban respondents. Rural Sociol. (2014);79(3):336–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/ruso.12036
  32. Ziersch AM, Baum F, Darmawan IGN, Kavanagh AM, Bentley RJ. Social capital and health in rural and urban communities in South Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health. (2009);33(1):7–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2009.00332.x
  33. Haerpfer C, Inglehart R, Moreno A, Welzel C, Kizilova K, Diez-Medrano J., Lagos M, Norris P, Ponarin E, Puranen B. World Values Survey: Round Seven - Country-Pooled Datafile Version 5.0. Madrid, Spain & Vienna, Austria: JD Systems Institute & WVSA Secretariat; (2022).
  34. Ehsan A, Klaas HS, Bastianen A, Spini D. Social capital and health: A systematic review of systematic reviews. SSM Popul Health. (2019);8:100425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100425
  35. Lindström M. Social capital, the miniaturisation of community and self-reported global and psychological health. Soc Sci Med. (2004);59(3):595–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.11.006
  36. Nieminen T, Martelin T, Koskinen S, Aro H, Alanen E, Hyyppä MT. Social capital as a determinant of self-rated health and psychological well-being. Int J Public Health. (2010);55(6):531–542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-010-0138-3
  37. Aittomäki A, Martikainen P, Laaksonen M, Lahelma E, Rahkonen O. The associations of household wealth and income with self-rated health – A study on economic advantage in middle-aged Finnish men and women. Soc Sci Med. (2010);71(5):1018–1026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.05.040
  38. Stronks K, van de Mheen H, van den Bos J, Mackenbach J. The interrelationship between income, health and employment status. Int J Epidemiol. (1997);26(3):592–600. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/26.3.592
  39. Janković J, Janević T, von dem Knesebeck O. Socioeconomic inequalities, health damaging behavior, and self-perceived health in Serbia: a cross-sectional study. Croat Med J. (2012);53(3):254–562. https://doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2012.53.254
  40. Rattay P, Blume M, Wachtler B, Wollgast L, Spallek J, Hoffmann S, Sander L, Herr R, Herke M, Reuter M, Novelli A, Hövener C. Socioeconomic position and self-rated health among female and male adolescents: The role of familial determinants in explaining health inequalities. Results of the German KiGGS study. PLoS One. (2022);17(4):e0266463. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266463
  41. Roos E, Lahelma E, Saastamoinen P, Elstad JI. The association of employment status and family status with health among women and men in four Nordic countries. Scand J Public Health. (2005);33(4):250–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/14034940510005680
  42. Franzoi IG, D’Ovidio F, Costa G, d’Errico A, Granieri A. Self-rated health and psychological distress among emerging adults in Italy: A comparison between data on university students, young workers and working students collected through the 2005 and 2013 national health surveys. Int J Environ Res Public Health. (2021);18(12):6403. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126403 43.
  43. Lamidi EO. Trends in self-rated health by union status and education, 2000–2018. SSM Popul Health. (2020);11:100616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100616
  44. Giordano GN, Lindstrom M. The impact of changes in different aspects of social capital and material conditions on self-rated health over time: A longitudinal cohort study. Soc Sci Med. (2010);70(5):700–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.044
  45. Almedom AM. Social capital and mental health: An interdisciplinary review of primary evidence. Soc Sci Med. (2005);61(5):943–964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.12.025
  46. Han Y, Chung RYN. Are both individual-level and county-level social capital associated with individual health? A serial cross-sectional analysis in China, 2010–2015. BMJ Open. (2021);11(8):e044616. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044616