Dergiler / Sosyal Sağlık Dergisi / 2026 / Sayı: 2026

Engellilerin Sosyal Sorunları: Sosyal Hizmet Müdahale Düzeyleri Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme

Social Problems of Persons with Disabilities: An Assessment in the Context of Social Work Intervention Levels

Serdarhan Duru(ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-2210-1684
Sayfa
63–84
Yayın Tarihi
2026-03-30
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Bulgular, engelliliğin bireysel bir “tıbbi durum”dan çok, fiziksel çevre, kurumsal yapılar, toplumsal tutumlar ve refah rejimi içinde üretilen çok katmanlı bir eşitsizlik alanı olduğunu göstermektedir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Bu çalışma, engellilikle ilişkili sosyal sorunları ve bu sorunlara sosyal hizmetin mikro, mezzo ve makro müdahale düzeylerinde ürettiği yanıtları sistematik biçimde incelemeyi amaçlayan, ikincil verilere dayalı bir kapsam belirleme derlemesidir.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Harzing’s Publish or Perish v5.15 yazılımı kullanılarak Google Akademik üzerinde tarama yapılmış; “engelli*”, “engellilik” ve “sosyal sorun*” anahtar sözcükleriyle arama yürütülmüştür.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Bulgular, engelliliğin bireysel bir “tıbbi durum”dan çok, fiziksel çevre, kurumsal yapılar, toplumsal tutumlar ve refah rejimi içinde üretilen çok katmanlı bir eşitsizlik alanı olduğunu göstermektedir.
🔬Tür:Literatür & Derleme Çalışması
📍Kapsam:2020 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:Engelli · Engellilik · Sosyal Hizmet

Özet

Bu çalışma, engellilikle ilişkili sosyal sorunları ve bu sorunlara sosyal hizmetin mikro, mezzo ve makro müdahale düzeylerinde ürettiği yanıtları sistematik biçimde incelemeyi amaçlayan, ikincil verilere dayalı bir kapsam belirleme derlemesidir. Harzing’s Publish or Perish v5.15 yazılımı kullanılarak Google Akademik üzerinde tarama yapılmış; “engelli*”, “engellilik” ve “sosyal sorun*” anahtar sözcükleriyle arama yürütülmüştür. Başlık ve özet düzeyindeki ön eleme ile tam metin uygunluk değerlendirmesi sonucunda, engellilikle ilişkili sosyal sorun alanlarını ele alan ve sosyal hizmet uygulamalarıyla doğrudan ilişkili bulgu ya da tartışma içeren yayınlar incelemeye dâhil edilmiştir. Yayınlar MAXQDA 2020 programına aktarılmış; ikili ve üçlü kelime öbekleri üzerinden tematik yoğunlaşmalar belirlenerek içerik haritalaması yapılmıştır. Bulgular, engelliliğin bireysel bir “tıbbi durum”dan çok, fiziksel çevre, kurumsal yapılar, toplumsal tutumlar ve refah rejimi içinde üretilen çok katmanlı bir eşitsizlik alanı olduğunu göstermektedir. Erişilebilirlik ve bağımsız yaşam, eğitim, istihdam, sosyal dışlanma, izolasyon ve ayrımcılık, sağlık hizmetlerine erişim, ekonomik kırılganlık ile şiddet, ihmal ve istismar riskleri literatürde öne çıkan temel sorun alanlarıdır. Sosyal hizmet yanıtlarının mikro düzeyde vaka yönetimi, güçlendirme ve danışmanlık; mezzo düzeyde aile destekleri, okul ve işyeri temelli müdahaleler ile kurumlar arası iş birliği; makro düzeyde ise hak temelli savunuculuk, erişilebilirlik ve sosyal koruma politikalarının geliştirilmesi eksenlerinde toplandığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada, engellilik alanında etkili sosyal hizmet uygulamasının, mikro, mezzo ve makro düzeyler arasında süreklilik taşıyan; hak temelli ve sağlamcılık karşıtı bir dönüşüm hattını gerektirdiği vurgulanmaktadır.

Abstract

This study is a scoping review based on secondary data, aiming to systematically examine disability-related social problems and the responses developed by social work at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels of intervention. A search was conducted on Google Scholar using Harzing’s Publish or Perish v5.15 software, with the keywords “engelli*,” “engellilik,” and “sosyal sorun*.” Following title and abstract screening as well as full-text eligibility assessment, publications addressing disability-related domains of social problems and containing findings or discussions directly relevant to social work practice were included in the review. The publications were transferred to MAXQDA 2020, and content mapping was carried out by identifying thematic concentrations through two-word and three-word clusters. The findings indicate that disability constitutes not merely an individual “medical condition,” but rather a multilayered field of inequality produced within the physical environment, institutional structures, social attitudes, and the welfare regime. Accessibility and independent living, education, employment, social exclusion, isolation and discrimination, access to health services, economic vulnerability, and the risks of violence, neglect, and abuse emerge as the principal problem areas highlighted in the literature. Social work responses are seen to cluster around case management, empowerment, and counselling at the micro level; family supports, school- and workplace-based interventions, and inter-institutional collaboration at the mezzo level; and rights-based advocacy, accessibility, and the development of social protection policies at the macro level. The study emphasizes that effective social work practice in the field of disability requires a rights-based and anti-ableist line of transformation that ensures continuity across the micro, mezzo, and macro levels.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Duru, S. (2026). Engellilerin Sosyal Sorunları: Sosyal Hizmet Müdahale Düzeyleri Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme. Sosyal Sağlık Dergisi, Sayı: 2026, 63–84. https://doi.org/10.69514/sosyalsaglik.1894374

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