Dergiler / International Journal of Computers in Education / 2025 / Volume: 8 Issue: 2

EFL Teachers' Experiences in a Brave New World of Al Integration: A Narrative Inquiry into an Al-Focused Teacher Preparation Program

Behrokh Abdoli(University of Tehran)0009-0000-6435-4017
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2025-12-29
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

The findings have implications for teacher education programs to highlight the pedagogical benefits of AI, provide user- friendly training, foster supportive communities, and ensure access to adequate resources that enhance EFL teachers’ willingness to effectively adopt AI in process writing instruction in Iran and similar contexts.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ willingness to adopt artificial intelligence (AI) in teaching writing can significantly impact their teaching effectiveness.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:To this end, autobiographical narratives and semi-structured interviews were collected from 21 EFL teachers.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:The findings have implications for teacher education programs to highlight the pedagogical benefits of AI, provide user- friendly training, foster supportive communities, and ensure access to adequate resources that enhance EFL teachers’ willingness to effectively adopt AI in process writing instruction in Iran and similar contexts.
🔬Tür:Literatür & Derleme Çalışması
📍Kapsam:2006 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:AI integration · EFL teacher preparation · EFL writing instruction

Abstract

English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ willingness to adopt artificial intelligence (AI) in teaching writing can significantly impact their teaching effectiveness. This narrative inquiry aimed to explore how a teacher preparation program shaped EFL teachers’ perspectives regarding AI integration, interpreted through the lens of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). To this end, autobiographical narratives and semi-structured interviews were collected from 21 EFL teachers. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s 2006 six phases of thematic analysis. The analysis followed a deductive approach guided by the UTAUT constructs, encompassing performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions, as well as the stages of process writing, including prewriting, planning, drafting, reflection, peer and tutor review, revision, and proofreading.The findings revealed that the teachers perceived the program as supporting their growing willingness to adopt AI in teaching. Following participation in the program, teachers demonstrated increased belief in AI’s potential to improve student writing and feedback. The various training opportunities offered within the program made AI integration less demanding for teachers and boosted their confidence in using available AI-driven writing resources. Moreover, teachers described how observing colleagues’ successful AI integration contributed to a sense of social support. The study shows that strategically designing EFL teacher preparation programs around UTAUT constructs can positively shape teacher’s perceived willingness to adopt AI for writing instruction. The findings have implications for teacher education programs to highlight the pedagogical benefits of AI, provide user- friendly training, foster supportive communities, and ensure access to adequate resources that enhance EFL teachers’ willingness to effectively adopt AI in process writing instruction in Iran and similar contexts.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Abdoli, B. (2025). EFL Teachers' Experiences in a Brave New World of Al Integration: A Narrative Inquiry into an Al-Focused Teacher Preparation Program. International Journal of Computers in Education, Volume: 8 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.64693/ijce.1794327

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (55)

  1. Albesher, K. B. (2022). Teachers’ views on using the writing process approach to improve ESL learners’ writing skills. International TESOL & Technology Journal, 17(2), 76–90.
  2. Alruwaili, A. R., Kiafar, Z., & Noughabi, M. A. (2025). Exploring EFL teachers’ motivation and influential factors in adopting AI for language teaching. Language Related Research, 16(5), 93–124. https://doi.org/10.48311/LRR.16.5.4
  3. Aparicio-Gómez, O. Y., Ostos-Ortiz, O. L., & Abadía-García, C. (2024). Convergence between emerging technologies and active methodologies in the university. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 14(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.2508
  4. Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C., & Walker, D. A. (2014). Introduction to research in education (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
  5. Barkhuizen, G. (2011). Narrative inquiry in applied linguistics: Studying language teaching and learning. John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  6. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  7. Bush, A., & Grotjohann, N. (2020). Collaboration in teacher education: A cross-sectional study on future teachers’ attitudes towards collaboration, their intentions to collaborate and their performance of collaboration. Teaching and Teacher Education, 88, 102968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102968
  8. Cabero-Almenara, J., Palacios-Rodríguez, A., Loaiza-Aguirre, M. I., & Rivas-Manzano, M. d. R. d. (2024). Acceptance of educational artificial intelligence by teachers and its relationship with some variables and pedagogical beliefs. Education Sciences, 14(7), 740. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070740
  9. Celik, B. (2023). Teacher professional development and AI adoption: Enhancing pedagogical competence. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 26(1), 45–60.
  10. Chiu, T. K. F., & Chai, C. S. (2020). Teachers’ technology adoption and confidence: Investigating AI integration. Computers & Education, 145, 103734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103734
  11. Chiu, T. K. F., Moorhouse, B. L., Chai, C. S., & Ismailov, M. (2023). Teacher support and student motivation to learn with Artificial Intelligence (AI) based chatbot. Interactive Learning Environments. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2172044
  12. Chatterjee, S., & Bhattacharjee, K. K. (2020). Adoption of artificial intelligence in higher education: A quantitative analysis using structural equation modelling. Education and Information Technologies, 25, 3443–3463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10159-7
  13. Chen, X., Zou, D., Cheng, G., & Xie, H. (2022). Modeling English teachers’ behavioral intention to use artificial intelligence in middle schools. Education and Information Technologies, 27(9), 12409–12428. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11286-z
  14. Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.
  15. Connelly, F. M., & Clandinin, D. J. (2006). Narrative inquiry: A methodology for studying lived experience. Research Studies in Music Education, 27, 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103X060270010301
  16. Cooper, C. L., & Leiter, M. P. (Eds.). (2017). The Routledge companion to wellbeing at work. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032476810
  17. Deeva, A., Pavlova, I., & Sorokin, A. (2021). AI-assisted writing instruction: Automation and feedback in EFL classrooms. Education and Information Technologies, 26(6), 6803–6822. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10559-3
  18. Du, H., Sun, Y., Jiang, H., Islam, A. Y. M. A., & Gu, X. (2024). Exploring the effects of AI literacy in teacher learning: An empirical study. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11, 559. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03101-6
  19. Edmond, N., & Kennedy, T. (2017). An applied guide to research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. SAGE Publications.
  20. Engeström, Y. (1987). Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research. Orienta-Konsultit.
  21. Godwin-Jones, R. (2022). AI applications in language learning and writing. Language Learning & Technology, 26(1), 12–28.
  22. Hyland, K. (2021). Second language writing (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  23. Idowu, J. A., Koshiyama, A. S., & Treleaven, P. (2024). Investigating algorithmic bias in student progress monitoring. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 6, 100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100267
  24. Kamarullah, A. (2024). AI writing tools in the classroom: Investigating usage, challenges, and adaptations by rural English teachers. English Language Teaching, 13(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v13n3p1
  25. Kervinen, A. (2016). Implementation of distance outdoor education in pre-service teacher education by using mobile interaction. Journal of Education for Teaching, 42(3), 312–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2016.1167553
  26. Khabib, S. (2022). Introducing artificial intelligence (AI)-based digital writing assistants for teachers in writing scientific articles. TEFL Journal, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.12928/tefl.v1i2.249
  27. Klimova, B., & Pikhart, M. (2025). Exploring the effects of artificial intelligence on student and academic well-being in higher education: A mini-review. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1498132. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1498132
  28. Klykken, F. H. (2021). Implementing continuous consent in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 22(5). https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941211014366
  29. Leong, W. Y., & Zhang, J. B. (2025). AI on academic integrity and plagiarism detection. ASM Science Journal, 20(1), 2025. https://doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2025.1918
  30. Leont’ev, A. N. (1992). Activity, consciousness, and personality. Prentice-Hall.
  31. Limna, P., Jakwatanatham, S., Siripipattanakul, S., Kaewpuang, P., & Sriboonruang, P. (2022). A review of artificial intelligence (AI) in education during the digital era. Advance Knowledge for Executives, 1(1), Article 3, 1–9.
  32. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.
  33. Miles, M. B., Huberman, M. A., & Saldaña, J. (2020). Qualitative data analysis (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
  34. Murray, D. M. (1987). Write to learn (2nd ed.). Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  35. Nazari, M., Tabrizi, N., & Khosravi, R. (2021). Teacher readiness for AI adoption in EFL contexts. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 34(7), 950–973. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2021.1899384
  36. O’Connor, C., & Joffe, H. (2020). Intercoder reliability in qualitative research: Debates and practical guidelines. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 19, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919899220
  37. Pickering, N. (2021). Enabling equality of access in higher education for underrepresented groups: A realist ‘small step’ approach to evaluating widening participation. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 26(1), 111–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/13596748.2021.1873410
  38. Rabionet, S. E. (2011). How I learned to design and conduct semi-structured interviews: An interview guide. Qualitative Report, 16(2), 563–570.
  39. Riessman, C. K. (2008). Narrative methods for the human sciences. SAGE Publications.
  40. Rogers, E. M. (2020). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press.
  41. Roulston, K., & Shelton, S. A. (2015). Reconceptualizing bias in teaching qualitative research methods. Qualitative Inquiry, 21(4), 332–342. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800414563803
  42. Selwyn, N. (2022). Education and technology: Key issues and debates (3rd ed.). Bloomsbury Academic.
  43. Siddiqui, M., Pea, R., & Subramonyam, H. (2025). Script&Shift: A layered interface paradigm for integrating content development and rhetorical strategy with LLM writing assistants. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.10638
  44. Sok, S., & Heng, K. (2024). Opportunities, challenges, and strategies for using ChatGPT in higher education: A literature review. Journal of Digital Educational Technology, 4(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.30935/jdet/14027
  45. Sperling, K., Stenberg, C.-J., McGrath, C., Åkerfeldt, A., Heintz, F., & Stenliden, L. (2024). In search of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy in teacher education: A scoping review. Computers and Education Open, 6, 100169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100169
  46. Suprapto, M. A., Anditasari, A. W., Sitompul, S. K., & Setyowati, L. (2022). Undergraduate students’ perceptions towards the process of writing. Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics, 7(1), 188–197. https://dx.doi.org/10.21462/jeltl.v7i1.765
  47. Sun, N., & Sun, Y. (2025). The role of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in EFL teachers’ passion for self-directed professional development. Acta Psychologica, 260, 105546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105546
  48. Taheri, R., Nazemi, N., Pennington, S. E., Clark, J. A., & Dadgostari, F. (2025). Factors influencing educators’ AI adoption: A grounded meta-analysis review. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 9, 100464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2025.100464
  49. Teo, T., Tan, L., & Zheng, C. (2021). Teachers’ technology acceptance and AI adoption in education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 69(2), 711–732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-021-09974-7
  50. Tran, T. (2023). Teachers guiding students’ effective and responsible use of AI in writing. Computers and Education, 192, 104647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104647
  51. Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425–478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
  52. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
  53. Wang, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Z., Wang, J., Tran, T., & Du, Z. (2024). Artificial intelligence in education: A systematic literature review. Expert Systems with Applications, 252, Article 124167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.124167
  54. Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on AI in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
  55. Zhang, X., & Zou, D. (2022). AI-enhanced writing support in EFL classrooms. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 35(5–6), 1058–1075. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2022.2071156