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AI InsightIts positive effects on clinical outcomes, systemic inflammation, and gut microbiota underscore the importance of incorporating nutritional therapies into the multidisciplinary care programs of RA patients.
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Özet
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune illness, is characterized by persistent systemic issues and joint inflammation. The mainstay of managing RA is still pharmaceutical treatment, although there is growing evidence that dietary changes may have additional advantages. The Mediterranean diet (MD), with its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological approach among dietary patterns. Omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, antioxidants, polyphenols, vitamins, and minerals are rich in MD and have been demonstrated to have a beneficial effect on the gut microbiome and reduce inflammation. These elements are essential for the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are metabolites produced when the gut bacteria ferment dietary fiber. By modifying the activity of regulatory T-cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, SCFAs control immunological responses and help to improve RA clinical outcomes. Furthermore, good cardiovascular outcomes like lower blood pressure, improved lipid profiles, and a decreased body mass index (BMI), factors frequently impacted by RA and its treatments, are linked to MD adherence. Considering the gut–joint axis, a two-way process linked to the pathophysiology of RA, the MD's function in controlling the variety of gut microbiota is also essential. In summary, the Mediterranean diet presents a practical and scientifically validated supplementary approach to the treatment of RA. Its positive effects on clinical outcomes, systemic inflammation, and gut microbiota underscore the importance of incorporating nutritional therapies into the multidisciplinary care programs of RA patients.
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune illness, is characterized by persistent systemic issues and joint inflammation. The mainstay of managing RA is still pharmaceutical treatment, although there is growing evidence that dietary changes may have additional advantages. The Mediterranean diet (MD), with its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological approach among dietary patterns. Omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, antioxidants, polyphenols, vitamins, and minerals are rich in MD and have been demonstrated to have a beneficial effect on the gut microbiome and reduce inflammation. These elements are essential for the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are metabolites produced when the gut bacteria ferment dietary fiber. By modifying the activity of regulatory T-cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, SCFAs control immunological responses and help to improve RA clinical outcomes. Furthermore, good cardiovascular outcomes like lower blood pressure, improved lipid profiles, and a decreased body mass index (BMI), factors frequently impacted by RA and its treatments, are linked to MD adherence. Considering the gut–joint axis, a two-way process linked to the pathophysiology of RA, the MD's function in controlling the variety of gut microbiota is also essential. In summary, the Mediterranean diet presents a practical and scientifically validated supplementary approach to the treatment of RA. Its positive effects on clinical outcomes, systemic inflammation, and gut microbiota underscore the importance of incorporating nutritional therapies into the multidisciplinary care programs of RA patients.