Alternative Aviation Fuel Types Used in Aircraft Engine

Abstract

Air transportation is a preferred mode of transportation due to the fastest of methods transport. In this respect, air transport in terms of passengers and freight has been increasing continuously since the 1970s. Due to the increasing number of aircraft and flights, the demand for aviation fuel also increases. Jet engines and auxiliary power unit (APU) are the two main sources of aircraft emissions as they use fuel. Aircraft engine emissions have not received as much attention as emissions from other energy sources until recent years. However, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has set limits for commercial jet engines in respect to nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and smoke emissions. These limitations were determined for a specified landing and take-off cycle (LTO) to limit emissions near ground level as well as indirectly limit emissions at altitude. The world's carbon dioxide emissions of 2%, originate from air transportation. In order to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially carbon dioxide emissions, the use of alternative fuels instead of fossil fuels is increasing in aviation transportation. In this study, it is aimed to examine the use of alternative aviation fuel types produced by different methods in aircraft engines.