KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences / 2026 / Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Bioactive Properties and Mechanisms of Effect of Phenolic Compounds

Merve Gündüz(TOKAT GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, LİSANSÜSTÜ EĞİTİM ENSTİTÜSÜ)0000-0002-7684-4002
Ahmet Bekteş(Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Gıda Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı)0000-0001-9092-7296
Şeniz Karabıyıklı Çiçek(TOKAT GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK VE MİMARLIK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-9287-9400
Vildan Kilinç(TOKAT GAZİOSMANPAŞA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, LİSANSÜSTÜ EĞİTİM ENSTİTÜSÜ)0000-0002-2581-5957
Sayfa
146–160
Yayın Tarihi
2025-06-26
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

In this review study, the mechanisms of antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-biofilm, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-aging and cardiovascular effects of phenolic compounds were investigated.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:The desire of people to live a healthy and long life has encouraged an increase in interest in natural and balanced nutrition.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:The production of natural food additives from plant, animal and fungal sources is gaining importance day by day to produce food with natural ingredients.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:In this review study, the mechanisms of antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-biofilm, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-aging and cardiovascular effects of phenolic compounds were investigated.
🔬Tür:Literatür & Derleme Çalışması
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Phenolic compounds · Mechanism of bioactive effect · Benefits for human health

Abstract

The desire of people to live a healthy and long life has encouraged an increase in interest in natural and balanced nutrition. The production of natural food additives from plant, animal and fungal sources is gaining importance day by day to produce food with natural ingredients. Phenolic compounds commonly found in plants are organic compounds that contributes to improve the textural and sensory properties of foods, as well as enriching their nutritional values, and takes an active role in ensuring food safety due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant and antifungal effects. Studies conducted also show that phenolic compounds can be used in the treatment of infection, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular health problems and aging. In this review study, the mechanisms of antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-biofilm, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-aging and cardiovascular effects of phenolic compounds were investigated.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Gündüz, M., Bekteş, A., Çiçek, Ş. K., Kilinç, V. (2025). Bioactive Properties and Mechanisms of Effect of Phenolic Compounds. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 146–160. https://doi.org/10.53518/mjavl.1567291

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (106)

  1. Ahmed, S. A., Rudden, M., Smyth, T. J., Dooley, J. S., Marchant, R., & Banat, I. M. (2019). Natural quorum sensing inhibitors effectively downregulate gene expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 103, 3521-3535. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09618-0
  2. Akhlaghi, M., & Kohanmoo, A. (2018). Mechanisms of anti-obesity effects of catechins: a review. International Journal of Nutrition Sciences, 3(3), 127-132.
  3. Albuquerque, B. R., Heleno, S. A., Oliveira, M. B. P., Barros, L., & Ferreira, I. C. (2021). Phenolic compounds: Current industrial applications, limitations and future challenges. Food & function, 12(1), 14-29. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0FO02324H
  4. Al-Ishaq, R. K., Abotaleb, M., Kubatka, P., Kajo, K., & Büsselberg, D. (2019). Flavonoids and their anti-diabetic effects: Cellular mechanisms and effects to improve blood sugar levels. Biomolecules, 9(9), 430. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9090430
  5. Antonijević, M.R., Simijonović, D.M., Avdović, E.H., Ćirić, A., Petrović Z.D., Dimitrić-Marković, J., Stepanić, V., & Marković, Z.S. (2021). Green One-Pot Synthesis of Coumarin-Hydroxybenzohydrazide Hybrids and Their Antioxidant Potency. Antioxidants, 10(7), 1106. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071106
  6. Arfaoui, L. (2021). Dietary plant polyphenols: Effects of food processing on their content and bioavailability. Molecules, 26(10), 2959. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102959
  7. Arivazhagan, L., & Subramanian, S. P. (2015). Tangeretin, a citrus flavonoid attenuates oxidative stress and protects hepatocellular architecture in rats with 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene induced experimental mammary carcinoma. Journal of Functional Foods, 15, 339-353.
  8. Artık, N., Anlı, E., Konar, N., & Vural, N. (2016). Gıdalarda bulunan fenolik bileşikler. Bölüm: Fenolik Bileşiklerin Yapıları. Sidas Medya Ltd. Şti., İzmir.
  9. Bakkiyaraj, D., Nandhini, J. R., Malathy, B., & Pandian, S. K. (2013). The anti-biofilm potential of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) extract against human bacterial and fungal pathogens. Biofouling, 29(8), 929- 937. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2013.820825
  10. Behl, T., Bungau, S., Kumar, K., Zengin, G., Khan, F., Kumar, A., Kaur, R., Venkatachalam, T., Tit, D.,M.,Vesa, C., M., Barsan, G., & Mosteanu, D. E. (2020). Pleotropic effects of polyphenols in cardiovascular system. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 130, 110714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110714
  11. Berton, S.B.R., Cabral, M.R.P., Jesus, G.A.M., Sarragiotto, M.H., Pilau, E.J., Martins, A.F., Bonafé, E.G., & Matsushita, M. (2020). Ultra-high- performance liquid chromatography supports a new reaction mechanism between free radicals and ferulic acid with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Industrial Crops and Products, 154, 112701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112701
  12. Biela, M., Kleinová, A., & Klein, E. (2022). Phenolic acids and their carboxylate anions: Thermodynamics of primary antioxidant action. Phytochemistry, 200, 113254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113254
  13. Bitencourt, T. A., Komoto, T. T., Massaroto, B. G., Miranda, C. E. S., Beleboni, R. O., Marins, M., & Fachin, A. L. (2013). Trans-chalcone and quercetin down-regulate fatty acid synthase gene expression and reduce ergosterol content in the human pathogenic dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 13, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-13-229
  14. Borges, A., Saavedra, M. J., & Simões, M. (2012). The activity of ferulic and gallic acids in biofilm prevention and control of pathogenic bacteria. Biofouling, 28(7), 755-767. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2012.706751
  15. Carvalho, R. S., Carollo, C. A., De Magalhães, J. C., Palumbo, J. M. C., Boaretto, A. G., e Sá, I. N., Ferraz, A.C., Lima, W., G.de Siqueira, J.M., & Ferreira, J. M. S. (2018). Antibacterial and antifungal activities of phenolic compound-enriched ethyl acetate fraction from Cochlospermum regium (mart. Et. Schr.) Pilger roots: Mechanisms of action and synergism with tannin and gallic acid. South African Journal of Botany, 114, 181-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.11.010
  16. Choi, J. H., Seo, E. J., Sung, J., Choi, K. M., Kim, H., Kim, J. S., Lee, J., Efferth, T., & Hyun, T. K. (2017). Polyphenolic compounds, antioxidant and anti- inflammatory effects of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai extract. Journal of Applied Botany & Food Quality, 90. https://doi.org/10.5073/JABFQ.2017.090.033
  17. Číž, M., Dvořáková, A., Skočková, V., & Kubala, L. (2020). The Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in Epigenetic Modulation Involved in Inflammatory Processes. Antioxidants, 9(8), 691. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9080691
  18. Cosme, P., Rodríguez, A. B., Espino, J., & Garrido, M. (2020). Plant phenolics: Bioavailability as a key determinant of their potential health- promoting applications. Antioxidants, 9(12), 1263. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121263
  19. da Rocha Neto, A. C., Maraschin, M., & Di Piero, R. M. (2015). Antifungal activity of salicylic acid against Penicillium expansum and its possible mechanisms of action. International journal of food microbiology, 215, 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.08.018
  20. de Araújo, F. F., de Paulo Farias, D., Neri-Numa, I. A., & Pastore, G. M. (2021). Polyphenols and their applications: An approach in food chemistry and innovation potential. Food chemistry, 338, 127535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127535
  21. de Paulo Farias, D., de Araujo, F. F., Neri-Numa, I. A., & Pastore, G. M. (2021). Antidiabetic potential of dietary polyphenols: A mechanistic review. Food Research International, 145, 110383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110383
  22. Deka, H., Choudhury, A., & Dey, B. K. (2022). An overview on plant derived phenolic compounds and their role in treatment and management of diabetes. Journal of pharmacopuncture, 25(3), 199. https://doi.org/10.3831/KPI.2022.25.3.199
  23. Demir, Y., Durmaz, L., Taslimi, P., & Gulçin, İ. (2019). Antidiabetic properties of dietary phenolic compounds: Inhibition effects on α‐amylase, aldose reductase, and α‐glycosidase. Biotechnology and applied biochemistry, 66(5), 781-786. https://doi.org/10.1002/bab.1781
  24. Ding, Y., Shi, X., Shuai, X., Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Liang, X., Wei, D., & Su, D. (2014). Luteolin prevents uric acid-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Journal of biomedical research, 28(4), 292. https://doi.org/10.7555/JBR.28.20130170
  25. Dull, A. M., Moga, M. A., Dimienescu, O. G., Sechel, G., Burtea, V., & Anastasiu, C. V. (2019). Therapeutic approaches of resveratrol on endometriosis via anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic pathways. Molecules, 24(4), 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040667
  26. Edirisinghe, I., & Burton-Freeman, B. (2016). Anti-diabetic actions of Berry polyphenols–Review on proposed mechanisms of action. Journal of Berry Research, 6(2), 237-250. https://doi.org/10.3233/JBR-160137
  27. Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Martins, N., & Barros, L. (2017). Phenolic Compounds and its bioavailability: In vitro bioactive compounds or health promoters?. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, 82, 1-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.afnr.2016.12.004
  28. Ghorbani, A. (2017). Mechanisms of antidiabetic effects of flavonoid rutin. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 96, 305-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.001
  29. Gong, P., Wang, D., Cui, D., Yang, Q., Wang, P., Yang, W., & Chen, F. (2021). Anti-aging function and molecular mechanism of Radix Astragali and Radix Astragali preparata via network pharmacology and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Phytomedicine, 84, 153509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153509
  30. Gong, Y., Lv, J., Pang, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, G., Liu, L., Wang, Y., & Li, C. (2023). Advances in the Metabolic Mechanism and Functional Characteristics of Equol. Foods, 12(12), 2334. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12122334
  31. Grgić, J., Šelo, G., Planinić, M., Tišma, M., & Bucić-Kojić, A. (2020). Role of the encapsulation in bioavailability of phenolic compounds. Antioxidants, 9(10), 923. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100923
  32. Huang, Q., Chen, L., Teng, H., Song, H., Wu, X., & Xu, M. (2015). Phenolic compounds ameliorate the glucose uptake in HepG2 cells' insulin resistance via activating AMPK: anti-diabetic effect of phenolic compounds in HepG2 cells. Journal of Functional Foods, 19, 487-494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.020
  33. Hussain, T., Tan, B., Yin, Y., Blachier, F., Tossou, M. C., & Rahu, N. (2016). Oxidative stress and inflammation: what polyphenols can do for us?. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7432797
  34. Jiang, Y., Mei, C., Huang, X., Gu, Q., & Song, D. (2020). Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of a Bacteriocin Derived from the Valine- Cecropin A(1–8)-Plantaricin ZJ5(1–18) Hybrid Peptide Against Escherichia coli O104. Food Biophysics, 15, 442-451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483- 020-09636-w
  35. Krongyut, O., & Sutthanut, K. (2019). Phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and anti-obesogenic bioactivity of Mao Luang fruits (Antidesma bunius L.). Molecules, 24(22), 4109. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24224109
  36. Kumar. N., & Goel, N. (2019). Phenolic acids: Natural versatile molecules with promising therapeutic applications. Biotechnology Reports, 24, e00370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00370
  37. Lagh, A.B., Haas, B., & Grenier, D. (2017). Tea polyphenols inhibit the growth and virulence properties of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Scientific Reports, 7, 44815.
  38. Lee, J. H., Kim, Y. G., Ryu, S. Y., Cho, M. H., & Lee, J. (2014). Ginkgolic acids and Ginkgo biloba extract inhibit Escherichia coli O157: H7 and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. International journal of food microbiology, 174, 47-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.12.030
  39. Lee, J., & Lee, D. G. (2015). Novel antifungal mechanism of resveratrol: apoptosis inducer in Candida albicans. Current microbiology, 70, 383-389.
  40. Lephart, E. D. (2016). Skin aging and oxidative stress: Equol’s anti-aging effects via biochemical and molecular mechanisms. Ageing research reviews, 31, 36-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2016.08.001
  41. Li, G., Wang, X., Xu, Y., Zhang, B., & Xia, X. (2014). Antimicrobial effect and mode of action of chlorogenic acid on Staphylococcus aureus. European Food Research and Technology, 238, 589–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105748
  42. Li, Z.J., Liu, M., Dawuti, G., Dou, Q., Ma, Y., Liu, H. G., & Aibai, S. (2017). Antifungal activity of gallic acid in vitro and in vivo. Phytotherapy research, 31(7), 1039-1045. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5823
  43. Lin, S., Wang, Z., Lin, Y., Ge, S., Hamzah, S. S., & Hu, J. (2019). Bound phenolics from fresh lotus seeds exert anti-obesity effects in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-fed mice by activation of AMPK. Journal of functional foods, 58, 74-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.054
  44. Liu, Y., & Wang, L. (2022). Antibiofilm effect and mechanism of protocatechuic aldehyde against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Frontiers in Microbiology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1060506
  45. Lou, Z., Wang, H., Zhu, S., Ma, C., & Wang, Z. (2011). Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of chlorogenic acid. Journal of Food Science, 76, M398–M403. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02213.x
  46. Luís, Â., Silva, F., Sousa, S., Duarte, A. P., & Domingues, F. (2014). Antistaphylococcal and biofilm inhibitory activities of gallic, caffeic, and chlorogenic acids. Biofouling, 30(1), 69-79. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2013.845878
  47. Lutz, M., Fuentes, E., Ávila, F., Alarcón, M., & Palomo, I. (2019). Roles of phenolic compounds in the reduction of risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. Molecules, 24(2), 366. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24020366
  48. Maniglia, B. C., Rebelatto, E. A., Andrade, K. S., Zielinski, A., & de Andrade, C. J. (2021). Polyphenols. Food Bioactives and Health, 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57469-7
  49. Martinez-Gonzalez, A.I., Díaz-Sánchez, Á.G., De La Rosa, L.A., Vargas- Requena, C.L., Bustos-Jaimes, I., & Alvarez-Parrilla, E. (2017). Polyphenolic compounds and digestive enzymes: In vitro non-covalent interactions, Molecules, 22 (4), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22040669
  50. Martinez‐Micaelo, N., González‐Abuín, N., Pinent, M., Ardévol, A., & Blay, M. (2015). Procyanidin B2 inhibits inflammasome‐mediated IL‐1β production in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages. Molecular nutrition & food research, 59(2), 262-269. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.201400370
  51. Nadaf, N.H., Parulekar, R.S., Patil, R.S., Gade, T.K., Momin, A.A., Waghmare, S.R., Dhanavade, M.J., Arvindekar, A.U., & Sonawane, K.D. (2018). Biofilm inhibition mechanism from extract of Hymenocallis littoralis leaves. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 222, 121-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.031
  52. Najafi, M., Mood, K.H., Zahedi, M., & Klein, E. (2011). DFT/B3LYP study of the substituent effect on the reaction enthalpies of the individual steps of single electron transfer–proton transfer and sequential proton loss electron transfer mechanisms of chroman derivatives antioxidant action, Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, 969(1–3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comptc.2011.05.006
  53. Nakai, K., & Tsuruta, D. (2021). What are reactive oxygen species, free radicals, and oxidative stress in skin diseases?. International journal of molecular sciences, 22(19), 10799.
  54. Oliveira, A. K. D. S., de Oliveira e Silva, A. M., Pereira, R. O., Santos, A. S., Barbosa Junior, E. V., Bezerra, M. T., Barreto, R.,S.,S., Quintans-Junior, L., J., & Quintans, J. S. (2022). Anti-obesity properties and mechanism of action of flavonoids: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(28), 7827-7848. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1919051
  55. Onat, K. A., Sezer, M., & Çöl, B. (2021). Fenolik bileşiklerden Sinnamik Asit, Kafeik Asit ve p-kumarik Asit’in bazı biyolojik aktiviteleri. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(4), 2587-2598. https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.885898
  56. Öncül. N., & Karabıyıklı, Ş. (2016). Mechanism of antibacterial effect of plant based antimicrobials, Ukrainian Food Journal, 5(3), 541-549.
  57. Payne, D. E., Martin, N. R., Parzych, K. R., & Rickard, A. H., Underwood, A., Boles, B. R. (2013). Tannic acid inhibits Staphylococcus aureus surface colonization in an IsaA-dependent manner. Infection and immunity, 81(2), 496-504. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.00877-12
  58. Pei, Z. J., Li,C., Dai, W., Lou, Z., Sun, X., Wang, H., Khan, A.A., & Wan, C. (2023). The Anti-Biofilm Activity and Mechanism of Apigenin-7-O- Glucoside Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Infection and Drug Resistance, 16.
  59. Pernin, A., Guillier, L., & Dubois-Brissonnet, F. (2019). Inhibitory activity of phenolic acids against Listeria monocytogenes: Deciphering the mechanisms of action using three different models. Food Microbiology, 80, 18-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2018.12.010
  60. Piechowiak, T., & Balawejder, M. (2019). Onion skin extract as a protective agent against oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced by cadmium, Food Biochem, 43(7), e12872. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12872
  61. Pivari, F., Mingione, A., Brasacchio, C., & Soldati, L. (2019). Curcumin and type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevention and treatment. Nutrients, 11(8), 1837. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081837
  62. Plaper, A., Golob, M., Hafner, I., Oblak, M., Šolmajer, T., & Jerala, R. (2003). Characterization of quercetin binding site on DNA gyrase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 306, 530–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01006-4
  63. Platzer, M., Kiese, S., Herfellner, T., Schweiggert-Weisz, U., Miesbauer, O., & Eisner, P. (2021). Common Trends and Differences in Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Phenolic Substances Using Single Electron Transfer Based Assays, Molecules, 26(5), 1244 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051244
  64. Pok, P. S., Londoño, V. A. G., Vicente, S., Romero, S. M., Pacín, A., Tolaba, M., Alzamora, S., M., & Resnik, S. L. (2020). Evaluation of citrus flavonoids against Aspergillus parasiticus in maize: Aflatoxins reduction and ultrastructure alterations. Food chemistry, 318, 126414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126414
  65. Pragasam, S. J., Venkatesan, V., & Rasool, M. (2013). Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect of p-coumaric acid, a common dietary polyphenol on experimental inflammation in rats. Inflammation, 36, 169-176
  66. Prateeksha, Rao, C. V., Das, A. K., Barik, S. K., & Singh, B. N. (2019). ZnO/curcumin nanocomposites for enhanced inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence via LasR-RhlR quorum sensing systems. Molecular pharmaceutics, 16(8), 3399-3413. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00179
  67. Pudziuvelyte, L., Liaudanskas, M., Jekabsone, A., Sadauskiene, I., & Bernatoniene, J. (2020). Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. extracts from different plant parts: Phenolic composition, antioxidant, and anti- inflammatory activities. Molecules, 25(5), 1153. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25051153
  68. Pyo, I. S., Yun, S., Yoon, Y. E., Choi, J. W., & Lee, S. J. (2020). Mechanisms of aging and the preventive effects of resveratrol on age-related diseases. Molecules, 25(20), 4649. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204649
  69. Rahman, M. M., Rahaman, M. S., Islam, M. R., Rahman, F., Mithi, F. M., Alqahtani, T., Almikhlafi, M.,A., Alghamdi,S.,O., Alruwaili, A.,S., Hossain, M., S., Ahmed, M., Das, R., Emran, T., B., & Uddin, M. S. (2022). Role of phenolic compounds in human disease: current knowledge and future prospects. Molecules, 27(1), 233. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010233
  70. Rajkumari, J., Borkotoky, S., Murali, A., Suchiang, K., Mohanty, S. K., & Busi, S. (2018). Cinnamic acid attenuates quorum sensing associated virulence factors and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Biotechnology letters, 40, 1087-1100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-018-2557-9
  71. Raudone, L., Vilkickyte, G., Pitkauskaite, L., Raudonis, R., Vainoriene, R., & Motiekaityte, V. (2019). Antioxidant activities of Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. leaves within cultivars and their phenolic compounds. Molecules, 24(5), 844. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24050844
  72. Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Heiss, C., Borges, G., & Crozier, A. (2014). Berry (poly) phenols and cardiovascular health. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 62(18), 3842-3851. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf403757g
  73. Ryyti, R., Hämäläinen, M., Leppänen, T., Peltola, R., & Moilanen, E. (2022). Phenolic compounds known to be present in lingonberry (Vaccinium Vitis-Idaea L.) enhance macrophage polarization towards the anti- inflammatory M2 phenotype. Biomedicines, 10(12), 3045. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123045
  74. Sandoval-Acuña, C., Ferreira, J., & Speisky, H. (2014). Polyphenols and mitochondria: An update on their increasingly emerging ROS- scavenging independent actions. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 559, 75-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2014.05.017
  75. Serra, D.O., Mika, F., Richter, A.M., & Hengge, R. (2016). Yeşil çay polifenolü EGCG, amiloid kıvrımlı lif düzeneğini bozarak ve σE'ye bağımlı sRNA RybB yoluyla biyofilm düzenleyici CsgD'yi aşağı doğru düzenleyerek E. coli biyofilm oluşumunu engeller. Molecular Biology, 101 (1), 136-151. https://doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13379
  76. Shakya, T., Stogios, P.J., Waglechner, N., Evdokimova, E., Ejim, L., & Blanchard, J.E. (2011). A small molecule discrimination map of the antibiotic resistance kinome. Chemistry & Biology, 18, 1591–1601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2011.10.018
  77. Shehata, M. G., Awad, T. S., Asker, D., El Sohaimy, S. A., Abd El-Aziz, N. M., & Youssef, M. M. (2021). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and UPLC- ESI-MS/MS polyphenolic profile of sweet orange peel extracts. Current research in food science, 4, 326-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crfs.2021.05.001
  78. Shirai, A., Kawasaka, K., & Tsuchiya, K. (2022). Antimicrobial action of phenolic acids combined with violet 405-nm light for disinfecting pathogenic and spoilage fungi. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 229, 112411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112411
  79. Sies, H., Berndt, C., & Jones, D. P. (2017). Oxidative stress. Annual review of biochemistry, 86, 715-748. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem- 061516-045037
  80. Silva, H., & Lopes, N. M. F. (2020). Cardiovascular effects of caffeic acid and its derivatives: a comprehensive review. Frontiers in physiology, 11, 595516. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.595516
  81. Slobodníková, L., Fialová, S., Hupková, H., & Grančai, D. (2013). Rosmarinic acid interaction with planktonic and biofilm Staphylococcus aureus. Natural product communications, 8(12), 1934578X1300801223. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1300801223
  82. Spagnuolo, C., Moccia, S., & Russo, G. L., (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids in neurodegenerative disorders. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 153, 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.001
  83. Sun, S., Huang, S., Shi, Y., Shao, Y., Qiu, J., Sedjoah, R. C. A. A., Yan,Z., Ding, L., Zou, D.,& Xin, Z. (2021). Extraction, isolation, characterization and antimicrobial activities of non-extractable polyphenols from pomegranate peel. Food Chemistry, 351, 129232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129232
  84. Sun, W., & Shahrajabian, M. H. (2023). Therapeutic potential of phenolic compounds in medicinal plants—Natural health products for human health. Molecules, 28(4), 1845. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041845
  85. Taticchi, A., Urbani, S., Albi, E., Servili, M., Codini, M., Traina, G., Balloni, S., Patria, F., F., Perioli, L., Beccari, T., & Conte, C. (2019). In vitro anti- inflammatory effects of phenolic compounds from Moraiolo virgin olive oil (MVOO) in brain cells via regulating the TLR4/NLRP3 axis. Molecules, 24(24), 4523. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244523
  86. Taylor, E., Kim, Y., & Zhang, K., Chau, L., Nguyen, B. C., Rayalam, S., Wang, X. (2022). Antiaging Mechanism of natural compounds: Effects on autophagy and oxidative stress. Molecules, 27(14), 4396. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144396
  87. Toma, L., Sanda, G. M., Niculescu, L. S., Deleanu, M., Sima, A. V., & Stancu, C. S. (2020). Phenolic compounds exerting lipid-regulatory, anti- inflammatory and epigenetic effects as complementary treatments in cardiovascular diseases. Biomolecules, 10(4), 641. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10040641
  88. Tsou, L. K., Lara-Tejero, M., Rosefigura, J., Zhang, Z. J., Wang, Y.C., & Yount, J. S. (2016). Antibacterial flavonoids from medicinal plants covalently inactivate type III protein secretion substrates. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 138, 2209–2218. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b11575
  89. Vrba, J., Kren, V., Vacek, J., Papouskova, B., & Ulrichova, J. (2012). Quercetin, quercetin glycosides and taxifolin differ in their ability to induce AhR activation and CYP1A1 expression in HepG2 cells. Phytotherapy research, 26(11), 1746-1752. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4637
  90. Vuolo, M. M., Lima, V.S., & Maróstica Junior, M. R. (2019). Phenolic Compounds: Structure, Classification, and Antioxidant Power. In Bioactive Compounds, 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12- 814774-0.00002-5
  91. Wang, Q. Q., Gao, H., Yuan, R., Han, S., Li, X. X., Tang, M., ng, B.,Li,J.,Zhao, L.,Feng, J., & Yang, S. (2020). Procyanidin A2, a polyphenolic compound, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated. PLoS One, 15(8), e0237017. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237017
  92. Wu, M., Cai, J., Fang, Z., Li, S., Huang, Z., Tang, Z., Luo, Q., & Chen, H. (2022). The composition and anti-aging activities of polyphenol extract from Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit. Nutrients, 14(4), 857. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14040857
  93. Wu, T., Zang, X., He, M., Pan, S., & Xu, X. (2013). Structure-activity relationship of flavonoids on their anti-Escherichia coli activity and inhibition of DNA gyrase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 61, 8185–8190. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf402222v
  94. Xie, H.K., Zhou, D.Y., Yin, F.W., Rakariyatham, K., Zhao, M.T., Liu, Z.Y., Li. D.Y., Zhao, Q., Liu, Y.X., Shahidi, F., & Zhu, B.W. (2019). Mechanism of antioxidant action of natural phenolics on scallop (Argopecten irradians) adductor muscle during drying process. Food Chemistry, 281. 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.108
  95. Yahfoufi, N., Alsadi, N., Jambi, M., & Matar, C. (2018). The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory role of polyphenols. Nutrients, 10(11), 1618. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111618
  96. Yang, X., & Jiang, X. (2015). Antifungal activity and mechanism of tea polyphenols against Rhizopus stolonifer. Biotechnology Letters, 37, 1463-1472.
  97. Yücel-Şengün, İ., & Öztürk, B. (2018). Bitkisel Kaynaklı Bazı Doğal Antimikrobiyaller. Anadolu Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi C- Yaşam Bilimleri ve Teknoloji, 7(2), 256-276. https://doi.org/10.18036/aubtdc.407806
  98. Zeb, A. (2020). Concept, mechanism, and applications of phenolic antioxidants in foods. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 44(9), e13394. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13394
  99. Zhang, H., & Tsao, R. (2016). Dietary polyphenols, oxidative stress and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Current Opinion in Food Science, 8, 33-42.
  100. Zhang, L., Kong, Y., Wu, D., Zhang, H., Wu, J., & Chen, J. (2008). Three flavonoids targeting the β-hydroxyacyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase from Helicobacter pylori: crystal structure characterization with enzymatic inhibition assay. Protein Science, 17, 1971–1978. https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.036186.108
  101. Zhang, Y., Cai, P., Cheng, G., & Zhang, Y. (2022). A brief review of phenolic compounds identified from plants: Their extraction, analysis, and biological activity. Natural Product Communications, 17(1), 1934578X211069721. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X211069721
  102. Zhao, H., & Xu, C. (2021). Natural phenolic compounds as anti-obesity and anti-cardiovascular disease agent. In Dietary Phytochemicals: A Source of Novel Bioactive Compounds for the Treatment of Obesity, Cancer and Diabetes (pp. 205-221). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  103. Zheng, Y., Choi, Y. H., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. Y., & Kang, I. J. (2021). Anti-obesity effect of Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. extract containing phenolic acids. Foods, 10(6), 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10061266
  104. Zhou, L., Zheng, H., Tang, Y., Yu, W., & Gong, Q. (2013). Eugenol inhibits quorum sensing at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Biotechnology letters, 35, 631-637. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-012-1126-x
  105. Zhu, C., Lei, M., Andargie, M., Zeng, J., &Li, J. (2019). Antifungal activity and mechanism of action of tannic acid against Penicillium digitatum. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 107, 46-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2019.04.009
  106. Zhu, H., Yan, Y., Jiang, Y., & Meng, X. (2022). Ellagic acid and its anti- aging effects on central nervous system. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(18), 10937. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810937