KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Sigara İçen Sporculara Uygulanan Solunum Kası Egzersizlerinin Solunum Parametrelerine Etkisi

The Effect of Respiratory Muscle Exercises Applied to Smoking Athletes on Respiratory Parameters

Zeynep Kutlu(NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-0439-2462
Zait Burak Aktuğ(NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-5102-4331
Serkan İbiş(NİĞDE ÖMER HALİSDEMİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-5154-3086
Yusuf Yüksel0009-0003-7937-1225
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2025-06-30
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Fakat yüzdesel gelişimlere bakıldığında bütün parametrelerde en yüksek gelişimin İG’ de olduğu belirlenmiştir.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Yapılan çalışmanın amacı sigara içen sporculara uygulanan solunum kası egzersizlerinin solunum parametrelerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:Çalışmaya 18-24 yaş aralığında en az 5 yıldır lisanslı spor yapan 30 sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Fakat yüzdesel gelişimlere bakıldığında bütün parametrelerde en yüksek gelişimin İG’ de olduğu belirlenmiştir.
🔬Tür:Uygulamalı Anket & Alan Araştırması
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Respiratory muscle exercise · respiratory parameters · smoking

Özet

Yapılan çalışmanın amacı sigara içen sporculara uygulanan solunum kası egzersizlerinin solunum parametrelerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmaya 18-24 yaş aralığında en az 5 yıldır lisanslı spor yapan 30 sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, sigara içen ve solunum kası egzersizi yapan grup [SG, (n=10)], sigara içmeyen ve solunum kası egzersizi yapan grup [İG, (n=10)], sigara içen ve solunum kası egzersizi yapmayan kontrol grubu [KG, (n=10)] olarak 3’e ayrılmıştır. Tüm grupların solunum parametreleri spirometre cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. SG ve İG’de bulunan katılımcılar 4 hafta boyunca her gün sabah ve akşam 2 set ve her sette 30’ar kez olmak üzere günde 120 kez triflo solunum kası egzersiz aleti ile solunum kası egzersizleri uygulamıştır. Verilerin analizinde, farklı protokollerin (SG, İG ve KG) sonuçları ile ön tes ile son test ölçümleri ve protokol*zaman etkileşim etkisini incelemek amacıyla Tekrarlanan Ölçümler için iki yönlü ANOVA testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda İG’ nin FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF ve MVV parametrelerinin, son test lehine bir artış meydana gelirken, gruplar arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Fakat yüzdesel gelişimlere bakıldığında bütün parametrelerde en yüksek gelişimin İG’ de olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of respiratory muscle exercises on respir-atory parameters of smoking athletes. Thirty athletes between the ages of 18-24 years who have been doing licensed sports for at least 5 years participated in the study voluntarily. The participants were divided into 3 groups as smokers and respiratory muscle exercising group [SG, (n=10)], non-smokers and respiratory muscle exercising group [NG, (n=10)], smokers and non-smoker control group [CG, (n=10)]. Respiratory parameters of all groups were determined with a spirometer. Participants in SG and NG performed respiratory muscle exercises with the triflo respiratory muscle exerciser 120 times a day for 4 weeks, 2 sets in the morning and evening every day and 30 times in each set. In the analysis of the data, two-way ANOVA test for repeated measures was applied to examine the results of different protocols (SG, NG and CG), pre-test and post-test measurements and proto-col*time interaction effect. As a result of the study, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF and MVV parameters of NG increased in favor of the post-test, while there was no statistically sig-nificant difference between the groups. However, when the percentage improvements were analyzed, it was determined that the highest improvement in all parameters was in NG.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Kutlu, Z., Aktuğ, Z. B., İbiş, S., Yüksel, Y. (2025). Sigara İçen Sporculara Uygulanan Solunum Kası Egzersizlerinin Solunum Parametrelerine Etkisi. Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi, Volume: 7 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1646875

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (32)

  1. Aktuğ, Z. B., Kurt, S., Pişkin, N. E., Yavuz, G., & İbiş, S. (2022). Effect of inspiratory muscle training with the device on respiratory functions. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 571-581. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1153587
  2. Ash, S. Y., Harmouche, R., Ross, J. C., Diaz, A. A., Hunninghake, G. M., Putman, R. K.,. & Washko, G. R. (2017). The objective identification and quantification of interstitial lung abnormalities in smokers. Academic Radiology, 24(8), 941-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2016.08.023
  3. Baydur, A., Adkins, R. H., & Milic-Emili, J. (2001). Lung mechanics in individuals with spinal cord injury: Effects of injury level and posture. Journal of Applied Physiology, 90(2), 405-411. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.405 Beckerman, M., Magadle, R., Weiner, M., & Weiner, P. (2005). The effects of 1 year of specific inspiratory muscle training in patients with COPD. Chest, 128(5), 3177-3182. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.128.5.3177
  4. Bostancı, Ö., Mayda, H., Yılmaz, C., Kabadayı, M., Yılmaz, A. K., & Özdal, M. (2019). Inspiratory muscle training improves pulmonary functions and respiratory muscle strength in healthy male smokers. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology, 264, 28-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2019.04.001
  5. Clotet, J., Gómez-Arbonés, X., Ciria, C., & Albalad, J. M. (2004). Spirometry is a good method for detecting and monitoring chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in high-risk smokers in primary health care. Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition), 40(4), 155-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60207-3
  6. Culver, B. H., Graham, B. L., Coates, A. L., Wanger, J., Berry, C. E., Clarke, P. K., Hallstrand, T. S., Hankinson, J. L., Kaminsky, D. A., Macintyre, N. R., McCormack, M. C., Rosenfeld, M., Stanojevic, S., Weiner, D. J., & ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Pulmonary Function Laboratories (2017). Recommendations for a standardized pulmonary function report. An official American thoracic society technical statement. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 196(11), 1463–1472. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201710-1981ST
  7. Dalack, G. W. Glasman, A. H. & Cavey L. S. (1993). Nicotine use, current psychiatric therapy, L Dunner (Ed), Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company.
  8. Enright, S. J., Unnithan, V. B., Heward, C., Withnall, L., & Davies, D. H. (2006). Effect of high-intensity inspiratory muscle training on lung volumes, diaphragm thickness, and exercise capacity in subjects who are healthy. Physical Therapy, 86(3), 345-354. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/86.3.345
  9. Feinberg, J. H., Ryan, M. A., Johns, M., Marvin, B. A., Reading, J. E., & White, M. R. (2015). Smoking cessation and improvement in physical performance among young men. Military Medicine, 180(3), 343–349. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00370
  10. Hill, K., Cecins, N. M., Eastwood, P. R., & Jenkins, S. C. (2010). Inspiratory muscle training for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a practical guide for clinicians. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(9), 1466-1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2010.06.010
  11. Kanis, J. A., Johnell, O., Odén, A., Johansson, H., De Laet, C., Eisman, J. A.,. & Tenenhouse, A. (2005). Smoking and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Osteoporosis International, 16, 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-004-1640-3
  12. Kilding, A. E., Brown, S., & McConnell, A. K. (2010). Inspiratory muscle training improves 100 and 200 m swimming performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108, 505-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1228-x
  13. Kim, J. S., & Lee, Y. S. (2012). Effects of a balloon-blowing exercise on lung function of young adult smokers. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 24(6), 531 534. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.24.531
  14. Kok, M. O., Hoekstra, T., & Twisk, J. W. (2012). The longitudinal relation between smoking and muscle strength in healthy adults. European Addiction Research, 18(2), 70-75. https://doi.org/10.1159/000333600
  15. Kraemer, W. J., Adams, K., Cafarelli, E., Dudley, G. A., Dooly, C., Feigenbaum, M. S., Fleck, S. J., Franklin, B., Fry, A. C., Hoffman, J. R., Newton, R. U., Potteiger, J., Stone, M. H., Ratamess, N. A., Triplett-McBride, T., & American College of Sports Medicine (2002). American college of sports medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34(2), 364–380. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200202000-00027
  16. Krupski, W. C. (1991). The peripheral vascular consequences of smoking. Annals of Vascular Surgery 5, 291–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02329389
  17. Kutlu, Z. (2024). Step aerobik egzersizi yapan sedanter kadınlarda aletli solunum kası egzersizlerinin solunum fonksiyonlarına etkisi [Yayınlanmamış Doktora tezi], Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi.
  18. Lee, S. C., Jung, C. H., Lee, E. S., Lee, H. H., Joung, Y. H., Chae, H. J., Choi, J. A., Chul, L. H., Oh, S. B., & Son, K. H. (2011). Changes of respiratory ability according to respiratory muscle exercises for smokers and non-smokers in their twenties. Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science, 18(3), 9-16.
  19. McCarthy, B., Casey, D., Devane, D., Murphy, K., Murphy, E., and Lacasse, Y. (2015). Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 23(2), CD003793. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003793.pub3
  20. Olbrecht, J. (2000). The science of winning: Planning, periodizing and optimizing swimming training. Belgium: IJS. Pardy, R. L., Reid, W. D., & Belman, M. J. (1988). Respiratory muscle training. Clinics in Chest Medicine. 9(2), 287-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-5231(21)00505-0
  21. Pişkin, N. E., Kutlu, Z., Yavuz, G., Aktuğ, Z. B., İbiş, S., & Aka, H. (2023). The effect of deviced respiratory muscle exercises applied to smokers and non-smokers on respiratory functions. Journal of Education & Recreation Patterns (JERP), 4(1). https://doi.org/10.53016/jerp.v4i1.99
  22. Romer, L. M., Mcconnell, A., & Jones, D. A. (2002). Effects of inspiratory muscle training on time-trial performance in trained cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences, 20(7), 547-590. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404102760000053
  23. Santos, M. L. D. M. D., Rosa, B. D., Ferreira, C. D. R., Medeiros, A. D. A., & Batiston, A. P. (2012). Maximal respiratory pressures in healthy boys who practice swimming or indoor soccer and in healthy sedentary boys. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 28(1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.3109/09593985.2011.560239
  24. Schunemann, H. J., Dorn, J., Grant, B. J. W., Winkelstein, J. R., & Trevisan, M. (2000). Pulmonary function is a long-term predictor of mortality in the general population: 29-year follow-up of the Buffalo Health Study. Chest, 118(3), 656-664. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.118.3.656
  25. Tchissambou, B. P., Massamba, A., Babela, J. R., Mouanou, J. K., Mboussa, J., & Senga, P. (2004). The effects of smoking and the degree of nicotine dependence on aerobic capacity in sportsmen. Revue des Maladies Respiratoires, 21(1), 59-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0761-8425(04)71236-x
  26. Verges, S., Flore, P., Nantermoz, G., Lafaix, P. A., & Wuyam, B. (2009). Respiratory muscle training in athletes with spinal cord injury. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30(07), 526-532. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1202336
  27. Yıldız, A., Çanakçı, R., Rüştü, İ. E., & Sarıhan, İ. A. (2024). Amatör sporculardaki sigara kullanımının egzersiz kapasitesi ve fiziksel aktivite üzerine etkileri. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(4), 640-647. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1503995
  28. Weiner, P., Magadle, R., Berar‐Yanay, N., & Pelled, B. (1999). The effect of specific inspiratory muscle training on the sensation of dyspnea and exercise tolerance in patients with congestive heart failure. Clinical Cardiology, 22(11), 727-732. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.4960221110
  29. Weiner, P., Magadle, R., Beckerman, M., Weiner, M., & Berar-Yanay, N. (2004). Maintenance of inspiratory muscle training in COPD patients: one year follow-up. European Respiratory Journal, 23(1), 61-65. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00059503
  30. World Health Organization. (2018, February 21). Tobacco. https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/
  31. Ash, S. Y., Harmouche, R., Ross, J. C., Diaz, A. A., Hunninghake, G. M., Putman, R. K.,. & Washko, G. R. (2017). The objective identification and quantification of interstitial lung abnormalities in smokers. Academic Radiology, 24(8), 941-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2016.08.023
  32. Kanis, J. A., Johnell, O., Odén, A., Johansson, H., De Laet, C., Eisman, J. A.,. & Tenenhouse, A. (2005). Smoking and fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Osteoporosis International, 16, 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-004-1640-3