Dergiler / Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Determination of the Location of Nutrient Foramina in the Scapula of Thoroughbred Horses

Mustafa Korkmaz(BALIKESIR UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF BASIC SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY)0000-0002-4493-0643
Mehmet Can(BALIKESİR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, VETERİNER FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL BİLİMLER BÖLÜMÜ, VETEİNERLİK ANATOMİSİ ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0001-9409-026X
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2026-10-08
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Conclusion: This study aims to contribute to the veterinary anatomical and orthopedic surgical literature by providing a detailed description of the topographical distribution pattern of nutrient foramina in horses.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Objective: The nutrient arteries of bones may be compromised due to traumatic, pathological, or mechanical factors.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:For this reason, numerous studies have focused on nutrient foramina, which serve as entry points for these vessels.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Conclusion: This study aims to contribute to the veterinary anatomical and orthopedic surgical literature by providing a detailed description of the topographical distribution pattern of nutrient foramina in horses.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Foraminal index · Nutrient foramen · Thoroughbred horse

Abstract

Objective: The nutrient arteries of bones may be compromised due to traumatic, pathological, or mechanical factors. For this reason, numerous studies have focused on nutrient foramina, which serve as entry points for these vessels. The aim of the present study was to determine the positional variations of nutrient foramina on the scapula of Thoroughbred horses.. Materials and Methods: A total of eight scapulae were examined. The distances of the nutrient foramina to the proximal, caudal, and cranial borders were measured, along with the overall length and width of the bone, and foraminal indices were calculated. Results: The average number of nutrient foramina per scapula was determined to be one. The nutrient foramina were most frequently observed on the lateral surface, ventrally, particularly in the region of the collum scapulae. These foramina were located ventrolateral to the spina scapulae, often within a depression partially surrounded by a prominent bony ridge. Conclusion: This study aims to contribute to the veterinary anatomical and orthopedic surgical literature by providing a detailed description of the topographical distribution pattern of nutrient foramina in horses.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Özdemir, S., Korkmaz, M., Can, M. (2026). Determination of the Location of Nutrient Foramina in the Scapula of Thoroughbred Horses. Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Volume: 15 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1926736

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (33)

  1. Barron, J. K. (1995). The effect of maternal age and parity on the racing performance of thoroughbred horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 27(1), 73-75.
  2. Bérard, A. (1835). Mémoire sur le rapport qui existe entre la direction des conduits nourriciers des os longs et l'ordre suivant lequel les épiphyses se soudent au corps de l'os. Archives Générales de Médecine, 7, 176–183. Bongianni, M. (1988). Simon & Schuster's Guide to Horses & Ponies of the World (Section 12, 338-354). Simon and Schuster.
  3. Brooks, S. A., et al. (2010). Morphological variation in the horse: defining complex traits of body size and shape. Animal Genetics, 41(Suppl 2), 159–165.
  4. Budras, K. D., Sack, W. O., & Röck, S. (2009). Anatomy of the horse (5th ed.). Schlütersche.
  5. Çalışlar, T. (1988). Anatomy of domestic animals (General) [Evcil hayvanların anatomisi (Genel)]. Istanbul University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Publications.
  6. Demiraslan, Y. & Dayan, M. O. (2021). Veterinary Systemic Anatomy [Veteriner Sistemik Anatomi] (1st ed.). Ankara.
  7. DeSesso, J. M., & Scialli, A. R. (2018). Bone development and the evaluation of skeletal anomalies. Birth Defects Research, 110(14), 1039–1063. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1350
  8. Donders, J. C. E., et al. (2020). The nutrient foramina of the scapula: A morphometric study in 158 human specimens. Journal of Anatomy, 237(3), 540–546.
  9. Dursun, N. (2002). Veterinary Anatomy 1 [Veteriner Anatomi 1]. Ankara.
  10. Dyce, K. M., Sack, W. O., & Wensing, C. J. G. (2002). Textbook of veterinary anatomy (3rd ed.). W. B. Saunders. Evans, H. E., & de Lahunta, A. (2012). Miller's anatomy of the dog (4th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. Forriol Campos, F., Gomez, L., Gianonatti Alias, M., et al. (1987). A study of the nutrient foramina in human long bones. Surg Radiol Anat, 9, 251-255.
  11. Frandson, R. D. (1976). Anatomy and physiology of farm animals (2nd ed.). Lea & Febiger. Frandson, R. D., Wilke, W. L., & Fails, A. D. (2009). Anatomy and physiology of farm animals (7th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
  12. Ghafurian, S., Galdi, B., Bastian, S., Tan, V., & Li, K. (2016). Computerized 3D morphological analysis of glenoid orientation. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 34(4), 692-698. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.23053
  13. Kimmel, C. A., et al. (2014). Evolution of the vertebrate skeleton and the role of prenatal factors. The Anatomical Record, 297(11), 1990–2010.
  14. König, H. E., Liebich, H. G., & Bragulla, H. (2009). Veterinary anatomy of domestic mammals. Schattauer.
  15. Kumar, R., et al. (2022). Morphometric and topographical study of nutrient foramina in the long bones of the upper limb and their clinical importance. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 13(4), 1182–1188. Malukar, O., & Joshi, H. (2011). Diaphysial nutrient foramina in long bones and miniature long bones. NJIRM, 2(2), 84. https://doi.org/10.70284/njirm.v2i2.1903
  16. McKee, N. H., Haw, P., & Vettese, T. (1984). Anatomic study of the nutrient foramen in the shaft of fibula. Clin Orthop, 184, 141-144.
  17. Özbeyaz, C., & Akçapınar, H. (2007). Horse Breeding [At yetiştiriciliği] (Lecture notes). Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Science, Ankara.
  18. Paine, R. M. & Voight, M. (1993). The role of the scapula. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 18(1), 386-391. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1993.18.1.386
  19. Paksoy, Y. (2016). Effects of body measurements on racing performance in Thoroughbred horses [İngiliz atlarında vücut ölçülerinin yarış performansına etkileri] (Doctoral dissertation). Ankara University Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara.
  20. Pasquini, C., Spurgeon, T. L., & Pasquini, S. (1995). Anatomy of domestic animals: Systemic & regional approach (8th ed.). SUDZ Publishing.
  21. Popesko, P. (1977). Atlas of topographical anatomy of the domestic animals (2nd ed., Vol. 1-3). W. B. Saunders.
  22. Rai, R., Shrestha, S., & Kavitha, B. (2014). Morphological and topographical anatomy of nutrient foramina in human clavicles and their clinical importance. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 13(1), 37–40. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-13143740
  23. Riser, W. H. (1973). The normal and abnormal growth of the distal forelimb in the dog. Veterinary Radiology, 14(1), 35-46.
  24. Sendemir, E., & Cimen, A. (1991). Nutrient foramina in the shafts of lower limb long bones: Situation and number. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, 13(2), 105–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01623881
  25. Sinha, S., Ghosh, S. P., & Nath, S. (2023). Topographical variations of nutrient foramina in the dry adult scapula: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Anatomy, Radiology and Surgery, 12(5), AO20-AO23. https://doi.org/10.7860/IJARS/2023/62894.2929
  26. Smallwood, J. E. (1992). A guided tour of veterinary anatomy. W. B. Saunders Company. Strong, R. M. (1925). The order, time, and rate of ossification of the albino rat skeleton. American Journal of Anatomy, 36(2), 313–355.
  27. Türker Yavaş, T., & Coşkun, N. (2024). Morphological and topographical anatomy of the nutrient foramina of the scapula in rats. Anatomy, 18(1), 12–18.
  28. Uddin, M. M., Ahmed, S. S. U., Islam, K. N., & Islam, M. M. (2014). Macro-anatomy of the bones of the forelimb of Black Bengal goat (Capra hircus). Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 7(1), 220–225.
  29. Ukoha, U. U., et al. (2013). A study of nutrient foramina in long bones of Nigerians. NJMR, 3(4), 304–308.
  30. Uzuner, M. B., et al. (2018). Quantitative and morphometric evaluation of the foramina nutricia in the long bones of the upper and lower extremities in Anatolian population. Kafkas Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 30–34. https://doi.org/10.5505/kjms.2018.19327
  31. Young, M. J., et al. (2019). Postnatal skeletal development and the role of nutrition in growth plate closure. Journal of Veterinary Anatomy, 12(3), 45–58.
  32. Yurasakpong, L., et al. (2023). The nutrient foramina of the human scapula: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Anatomy, 242(2), 284–295.
  33. Zeeb, K., & Schnitzer, U. (1997). Housing and training of horses according to their species. Livestock Production Science, 49, 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0301-6226(97)00040-7