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AI InsightMahmud, Thessaloniki, Neighborhood, İmam, Muhtar, Kahya.
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Özet
SELANİK’TE MUHTARLIK KURUMUNUN OLUŞTURULMASI: MAHALLELER VE İLK MUHTARLAR Tahsin HAZIRBULAN* Öz: II. Mahmud’un saltanat zamanı Osmanlı Devleti’nin ayanlar karşısında merkezileşme, batı karşısında modernleşmenin başladığı bir dönemdir. İdarî anlamda ayanların taşrada, Yeniçeri Ocağı’nın merkezdeki hâkimiyeti bu dönemde sonlandırılmıştır. Daha önce Yeniçeri Ocağı’na bağlı subay ve askerlerin kontrolünde yapılan genel güvenlik ve beledi hizmetler, ocağın kapatılması sonrasında yeni idari yapıların teşekkülünü zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu nedenle bu türden hizmetlerin sorunsuz ve kesintisiz bir şekilde devam ettirilmesi isteği, 1829’da Galata, Eyüp ve Üsküdar’da ilk muhtarlık teşkilatının oluşturulmasına neden olmuştur. İstanbul’da sağlanan başarı, muhtarlık kurumunun taşra içerisinde de uygulanmasına imkân sağlamıştır. Selanik’e ait 19 Şubat 1835 tarihli bir deftere göre, muhtarlık teşkilatının Selanik’te kurulduğu ve merkezde bulunan Müslüman, Hristiyan ve Musevi mahallelere muhtar ve kâhya atamaları yapıldığı görülmektedir. Çalışmada merkezî bir teşkilatın taşradaki ilk örneklerinden birisi ortaya koymaya çalışılacaktır. Selanik’e bağlı mahallelerde görev yapan ilk muhtar ve kâhyaların isim ve künye bilgileri verilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: II. Mahmud, Selanik, Mahalle, İmam, Muhtar, Kâhya. ESTABLİSHMENT OF THE HEADMAN INSTİTUTİON İN THESSALONİKİ: NEİGHBORHOODS AND THEİR FİRST HEADMEN Abstract: The reign of Mahmud II was a period when the Ottoman Empire began to centralize against the notables and modernize against the West. In the administrative sense, the dominance of the notables in the countryside and the janissary corps in the center was ended in this period. General security and municipal services, which were previously under the control of officers and soldiers affiliated to the Janissary Corps, necessitated the formation of new administrative structures after the closure of this place. For this reason, the desire to continue such services without any problems caused the establishment of the first mukhtar organization in Galata, Eyüp and Üsküdar in 1829. The success achieved in Istanbul enabled the implementation of the mukhtar institution in the provinces as well. According to a book dated February 19, 1835 belonging to Thessaloniki, it is seen that the headman organization was established in Thessaloniki and the headmen and stewards were appointed to the Muslim, Christian and Jewish neighborhoods in the center. In this study, one of the first examples of a central organization in the province will be tried to be revealed. The names and identification information of the first headmen and stewards who worked in the neighborhoods of Thessaloniki will be given. Keywords: II. Mahmud, Thessaloniki, Neighborhood, İmam, Muhtar, Kahya.
Abstract
ESTABLİSHMENT OF THE HEADMAN INSTİTUTİON İN THESSALONİKİ: NEİGHBORHOODS AND THEİR FİRST HEADMEN Abstract: The reign of Mahmud II was a period when the Ottoman Empire began to centralize against the notables and modernize against the West. In the administrative sense, the dominance of the notables in the countryside and the janissary corps in the center was ended in this period. General security and municipal services, which were previously under the control of officers and soldiers affiliated to the Janissary Corps, necessitated the formation of new administrative structures after the closure of this place. For this reason, the desire to continue such services without any problems caused the establishment of the first mukhtar organization in Galata, Eyüp and Üsküdar in 1829. The success achieved in Istanbul enabled the implementation of the mukhtar institution in the provinces as well. According to a book dated February 19, 1835 belonging to Thessaloniki, it is seen that the headman organization was established in Thessaloniki and the headmen and stewards were appointed to the Muslim, Christian and Jewish neighborhoods in the center. In this study, one of the first examples of a central organization in the province will be tried to be revealed. The names and identification information of the first headmen and stewards who worked in the neighborhoods of Thessaloniki will be given. Keywords: II. Mahmud, Thessaloniki, Neighborhood, İmam, Muhtar, Kahya.