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Dergiler / International Journal of Secondary Metabolite / 2026 / Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Application of HPLC for detection of sildenafil/tadalafil in marketed honey in Oman

Hameda Hamood Al Dhakhri(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0009-0002-7687-2908
Fatema Alqassabi(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0009-0003-4275-1574
Israa Alrasbi(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0009-0009-2492-5554
Dhuha Alhinai(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0009-0002-2421-8090
Salha Al Salty(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0009-0008-8206-4468
Sumit Pannu(Analytical Method Validation Department, Akums Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Haridwar)0009-0003-8177-0815
Shaima Al Balushi(Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman)0009-0004-1420-7376
Shah Alam Khan(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0000-0002-0729-3403
Mohammad Jawaıd Akhtar(National University of Science and Technology, PO 620, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)0000-0002-9460-5304
Sayfa
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Yayın Tarihi
2025-06-01
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Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

The consumption of adulterated honey samples may impact the health of consumers hence further detailed studies must be carried out to confirm the findings of the current study and novel analytical methods be developed to detect the level of other possible adulterants in this valuable product.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

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Amaç & Hipotez:Honey adulteration allegedly with phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors including sildenafil, and tadalafil is a common and dangerous practice.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Chromatographic separation was done in RP-HPLC mode using buffer: methanol: acetonitrile (5.8: 2.5: 1.7) mobile phase and diode array as a detector.
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Sonuç & Katkı:The consumption of adulterated honey samples may impact the health of consumers hence further detailed studies must be carried out to confirm the findings of the current study and novel analytical methods be developed to detect the level of other possible adulterants in this valuable product.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:RP-HPLC · Sildenafil · Tadalafil

Özet

Honey adulteration allegedly with phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors including sildenafil, and tadalafil is a common and dangerous practice. This study aimed to develop a procedure to detect the presence of common adulterants namely sildenafil and tadalafil using RP-HPLC. Seven commercial honey samples of local and international origin were collected from supermarkets and honey sellers. Both the adulterants in honey samples were identified and quantified with the help of an HPLC technique. Chromatographic separation was done in RP-HPLC mode using buffer: methanol: acetonitrile (5.8: 2.5: 1.7) mobile phase and diode array as a detector. The buffer used was 0.05 M Triethylamine orthophosphate pH (3.0). The results showed that four honey samples (HAD1, HAD5, HAD6, and HAD7) were adulterated with sildenafil, and among them, HAD5 contained the maximum amount of sildenafil as 22.65 mg/g of the honey sample. However, only 2 honey samples HAD4 and HAD6 were found to be adulterated with tadalafil (1.248 and 0.7 mg/g) of the tested honey sample. The result of this study warrants rigorous quality control of the commercially available honey products in Oman by the authorities. The consumption of adulterated honey samples may impact the health of consumers hence further detailed studies must be carried out to confirm the findings of the current study and novel analytical methods be developed to detect the level of other possible adulterants in this valuable product.

Abstract

Honey adulteration allegedly with phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors including sildenafil, and tadalafil is a common and dangerous practice. This study aimed to develop a procedure to detect the presence of common adulterants namely sildenafil and tadalafil using RP-HPLC. Seven commercial honey samples of local and international origin were collected from supermarkets and honey sellers. Both the adulterants in honey samples were identified and quantified with the help of an HPLC technique. Chromatographic separation was done in RP-HPLC mode using buffer: methanol: acetonitrile (5.8: 2.5: 1.7) mobile phase and diode array as a detector. The buffer used was 0.05 M Triethylamine orthophosphate pH (3.0). The results showed that four honey samples (HAD1, HAD5, HAD6, and HAD7) were adulterated with sildenafil, and among them, HAD5 contained the maximum amount of sildenafil as 22.65 mg/g of the honey sample. However, only 2 honey samples HAD4 and HAD6 were found to be adulterated with tadalafil (1.248 and 0.7 mg/g) of the tested honey sample. The result of this study warrants rigorous quality control of the commercially available honey products in Oman by the authorities. The consumption of adulterated honey samples may impact the health of consumers hence further detailed studies must be carried out to confirm the findings of the current study and novel analytical methods be developed to detect the level of other possible adulterants in this valuable product.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Dhakhri, H. H. A., Alqassabi, F., Alrasbi, I., Alhinai, D., Salty, S. A., Pannu, S., Balushi, S. A., Khan, S. A., Akhtar, M. J. (2025). Application of HPLC for detection of sildenafil/tadalafil in marketed honey in Oman. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Volume: 12 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1518387

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