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Dergiler / International Journal of Secondary Metabolite / 2026 / Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Determination of phenolic content of Berberis vulgaris L. fruits harvested at different times by multivariate analysis

Tuba Bak(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-4448-9704
Levent Kırca(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-2496-9513
Berna Doğru Çokran(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-4194-7826
Turan Karadeniz(PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-0387-7599
Sayfa
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Yayın Tarihi
2025-09-04
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

The findings indicate that ‘Harvest 4’ (December) is the most suitable period for harvesting, particularly in terms of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and q-coumaric acid.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:This study focused on the levels of phenolic compounds present in the fruits of Berberis vulgaris genotypes harvested at different times and determined the relationship between the studied traits by multivariate analysis.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Harvest time significantly affected the amount of phenolic content.
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Sonuç & Katkı:The findings indicate that ‘Harvest 4’ (December) is the most suitable period for harvesting, particularly in terms of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and q-coumaric acid.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Phenolic compounds · Harvest time · Heatmap cluster

Özet

This study focused on the levels of phenolic compounds present in the fruits of Berberis vulgaris genotypes harvested at different times and determined the relationship between the studied traits by multivariate analysis. Harvest time significantly affected the amount of phenolic content. There were significant increases in gallic, catechin, chlorogenic, rutin, and q-coumaric acid contents, while caffeic and syringic acid contents decreased significantly as the harvest time was delayed. In PCA analysis, PC1 and PC2 explained 78.3% of the data. It was found that ‘Harvest 1’ was notable for its high content of caffeic and syringic acids, while ‘Harvest 4’ excelled in catechin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid content. It was also determined that ‘Genotype 1’ stood out in terms of myricetin, quercetin, p-coumaric, q-coumaric, and rutin content. This study highlights the importance of phenolic acid content in determining the optimal harvest time. The findings indicate that ‘Harvest 4’ (December) is the most suitable period for harvesting, particularly in terms of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and q-coumaric acid.

Abstract

This study focused on the levels of phenolic compounds present in the fruits of Berberis vulgaris genotypes harvested at different times and determined the relationship between the studied traits by multivariate analysis. Harvest time significantly affected the amount of phenolic content. There were significant increases in gallic, catechin, chlorogenic, rutin, and q-coumaric acid contents, while caffeic and syringic acid contents decreased significantly as the harvest time was delayed. In PCA analysis, PC1 and PC2 explained 78.3% of the data. It was found that ‘Harvest 1’ was notable for its high content of caffeic and syringic acids, while ‘Harvest 4’ excelled in catechin, gallic acid, and chlorogenic acid content. It was also determined that ‘Genotype 1’ stood out in terms of myricetin, quercetin, p-coumaric, q-coumaric, and rutin content. This study highlights the importance of phenolic acid content in determining the optimal harvest time. The findings indicate that ‘Harvest 4’ (December) is the most suitable period for harvesting, particularly in terms of gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and q-coumaric acid.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Bak, T., Kırca, L., Çokran, B. D., Karadeniz, T. (2025). Determination of phenolic content of Berberis vulgaris L. fruits harvested at different times by multivariate analysis. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Volume: 12 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1580988

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