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Dergiler / International Journal of Secondary Metabolite / 2026 / Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Wild mushroom Tylopilus felleus antioxidant, anticholinesterase and oxidant status and heavy metal contents

Celal Bal(GAZIANTEP UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-6856-3254
Aras Fahrettin Korkmaz(ISTANBUL KULTUR UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-3827-3018
Hayri Baba(MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-1837-4321
Ilgaz Akata(ANKARA UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-1731-1302
Mustafa Sevindik(OSMANIYE KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-7223-2220
Sayfa
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Yayın Tarihi
2026-09-02
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Overall, the findings suggest that T. felleus represents a potential natural source of antioxidant compounds with supplementary anticholinesterase activity.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

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Amaç & Hipotez:Mushrooms play essential roles in natural ecosystems due to their ecological functions and bioactive potential, and many species are also valued for nutritional and medicinal purposes.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Heavy metal contents, including Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni, were quantified using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Agilent 240FS AA).
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Sonuç & Katkı:Overall, the findings suggest that T. felleus represents a potential natural source of antioxidant compounds with supplementary anticholinesterase activity.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Antioxidant · Anticholinesterase · Bitter bolete

Özet

Mushrooms play essential roles in natural ecosystems due to their ecological functions and bioactive potential, and many species are also valued for nutritional and medicinal purposes. In the present study, the antioxidant and oxidant status, anticholinesterase activity, and heavy metal contents of the fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) P. Karst. were investigated. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were determined using Rel Assay commercial kits, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated accordingly. Anticholinesterase activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were evaluated based on the Ellman method, with galantamine used as a reference inhibitor. Heavy metal contents, including Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni, were quantified using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Agilent 240FS AA). The TAS, TOS, and OSI values of T. felleus were found to be 3.427±0.147, 20.512±0.266, and 0.601±0.031, respectively. Elemental analysis revealed Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni contents of 119.57±12.78, 21.07±1.69, 44.10±2.07, 2.89±0.47, and 0.82±0.011 mg/kg, respectively, all of which were within ranges reported in the literature. The mushroom extract exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against AChE (IC₅₀: 192.16 ± 3.15 μg/mL) and BChE (IC₅₀: 236.99±1.22 μg/mL) compared to galantamine. Overall, the findings suggest that T. felleus represents a potential natural source of antioxidant compounds with supplementary anticholinesterase activity.

Abstract

Mushrooms play essential roles in natural ecosystems due to their ecological functions and bioactive potential, and many species are also valued for nutritional and medicinal purposes. In the present study, the antioxidant and oxidant status, anticholinesterase activity, and heavy metal contents of the fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom Tylopilus felleus (Bull.) P. Karst. were investigated. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were determined using Rel Assay commercial kits, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated accordingly. Anticholinesterase activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were evaluated based on the Ellman method, with galantamine used as a reference inhibitor. Heavy metal contents, including Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni, were quantified using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Agilent 240FS AA). The TAS, TOS, and OSI values of T. felleus were found to be 3.427±0.147, 20.512±0.266, and 0.601±0.031, respectively. Elemental analysis revealed Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni contents of 119.57±12.78, 21.07±1.69, 44.10±2.07, 2.89±0.47, and 0.82±0.011 mg/kg, respectively, all of which were within ranges reported in the literature. The mushroom extract exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against AChE (IC₅₀: 192.16 ± 3.15 μg/mL) and BChE (IC₅₀: 236.99±1.22 μg/mL) compared to galantamine. Overall, the findings suggest that T. felleus represents a potential natural source of antioxidant compounds with supplementary anticholinesterase activity.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Bal, C., Korkmaz, A. F., Baba, H., Akata, I., Sevindik, M. (2026). Wild mushroom Tylopilus felleus antioxidant, anticholinesterase and oxidant status and heavy metal contents. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Volume: 13 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1866641

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