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Dergiler / International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education / 2026 / Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Artificial intelligence as an automated essay scoring tool: A focus on ChatGPT

Ahmet Can Uyar(SIVAS CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY)0000-0003-2438-9877
Dilek Büyükahıska(ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-5074-7805
Sayfa
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Yayın Tarihi
2025-02-20
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

The study emphasizes the need for improvements in AI language models to meet the nuanced nature of essay evaluation in EFL contexts.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

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Amaç & Hipotez:This study explores the effectiveness of using ChatGPT, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) language model, as an Automated Essay Scoring (AES) tool for grading English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ essays.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:The corpus consists of 50 essays representing various types including analysis, compare and contrast, descriptive, narrative, and opinion essays written by 10 EFL learners at the B2 level.
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Sonuç & Katkı:The study emphasizes the need for improvements in AI language models to meet the nuanced nature of essay evaluation in EFL contexts.
🔬Tür:Modelleme & Sayısal Simülasyon
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Automated essay scoring · Artificial intelligence · ChatGPT

Özet

This study explores the effectiveness of using ChatGPT, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) language model, as an Automated Essay Scoring (AES) tool for grading English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ essays. The corpus consists of 50 essays representing various types including analysis, compare and contrast, descriptive, narrative, and opinion essays written by 10 EFL learners at the B2 level. Human raters and ChatGPT (4o mini version) scored the essays using the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) TASK 2 Writing band descriptors. Adopting a quantitative approach, the Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman correlation tests were employed to compare the scores generated, revealing a significant difference between the two methods of scoring, with human raters assigning higher scores than ChatGPT. Similarly, significant differences with varying degrees were also evident for each of the various types of essays, suggesting that the genre of the essays was not a parameter affecting the agreement between human raters and ChatGPT. After all, it was discussed that while ChatGPT shows promise as an AES tool, the observed disparities suggest that it has not reached sufficient proficiency for practical use. The study emphasizes the need for improvements in AI language models to meet the nuanced nature of essay evaluation in EFL contexts.

Abstract

This study explores the effectiveness of using ChatGPT, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) language model, as an Automated Essay Scoring (AES) tool for grading English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ essays. The corpus consists of 50 essays representing various types including analysis, compare and contrast, descriptive, narrative, and opinion essays written by 10 EFL learners at the B2 level. Human raters and ChatGPT (4o mini version) scored the essays using the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) TASK 2 Writing band descriptors. Adopting a quantitative approach, the Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Spearman correlation tests were employed to compare the scores generated, revealing a significant difference between the two methods of scoring, with human raters assigning higher scores than ChatGPT. Similarly, significant differences with varying degrees were also evident for each of the various types of essays, suggesting that the genre of the essays was not a parameter affecting the agreement between human raters and ChatGPT. After all, it was discussed that while ChatGPT shows promise as an AES tool, the observed disparities suggest that it has not reached sufficient proficiency for practical use. The study emphasizes the need for improvements in AI language models to meet the nuanced nature of essay evaluation in EFL contexts.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Uyar, A. C., Büyükahıska, D. (2025). Artificial intelligence as an automated essay scoring tool: A focus on ChatGPT. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, Volume: 12 Issue: 1. https://doi.org/10.21449/ijate.1517994

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Kaynakça (23)

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