KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Eğitim Bilim Toplum / 2026 / Cilt: 21 Sayı: 83

ASYA ALTYAPI YATIRIM BANKASI (AIIB) VE SOSYAL POLİTİKA: ELEŞTİREL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIB) and Social Policy: A Critical Review

Aylin Güler Ünlü0000-0003-2738-7017
Sayfa
85–131
Yayın Tarihi
2023-09-30
DOI
—
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Bu çalışmada dünya kapitalist sistemi içerisinde tamamlayıcı bir unsur olarak görev yaptığını iddia ettiğimiz AIIB’nin sosyal politika anlayışının değerlendirilmesi, bu çerçevede sistem içerisindeki rolünün ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Geleneksel çok taraflı kalkınma bankalarına yeni bir rakip olarak ortaya çıkan Asya Altyapı Yatırım Bankası (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank-AIIB) kısa sürede genişleyen üyeliği, çeşitlenen faaliyetleri, Türkiye için mühim bir finansman odağı olması gibi nedenlerle önemli bir değerlendirme nesnesi haline gelmiş durumdadır.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:Geleneksel çok taraflı kalkınma bankalarına yeni bir rakip olarak ortaya çıkan Asya Altyapı Yatırım Bankası (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank-AIIB) kısa sürede genişleyen üyeliği, çeşitlenen faaliyetleri, Türkiye için mühim bir finansman odağı olması gibi nedenlerle önemli bir değerlendirme nesnesi haline gelmiş durumdadır.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Bu çalışmada dünya kapitalist sistemi içerisinde tamamlayıcı bir unsur olarak görev yaptığını iddia ettiğimiz AIIB’nin sosyal politika anlayışının değerlendirilmesi, bu çerçevede sistem içerisindeki rolünün ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
🔬Tür:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Sosyal Politika · Çok Taraflı Kalkınma Bankaları · Dünya Bankası

Özet

Geleneksel çok taraflı kalkınma bankalarına yeni bir rakip olarak ortaya çıkan Asya Altyapı Yatırım Bankası (Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank-AIIB) kısa sürede genişleyen üyeliği, çeşitlenen faaliyetleri, Türkiye için mühim bir finansman odağı olması gibi nedenlerle önemli bir değerlendirme nesnesi haline gelmiş durumdadır. Bu çalışmada dünya kapitalist sistemi içerisinde tamamlayıcı bir unsur olarak görev yaptığını iddia ettiğimiz AIIB’nin sosyal politika anlayışının değerlendirilmesi, bu çerçevede sistem içerisindeki rolünün ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.

Abstract

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), which emerged as a new competitor to the traditional multilateral development banks, has become an important object of evaluation due to its expanding membership, diversifying activities and being an important financing focus for Turkey. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the social policy understanding of the AIIB, which we claim to serve as a complementary element in the global capitalist system, and to reveal its role in the system within this framework.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Ünlü, A. G. (2023). ASYA ALTYAPI YATIRIM BANKASI (AIIB) VE SOSYAL POLİTİKA: ELEŞTİREL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME. Eğitim Bilim Toplum, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 83, 85–131. https://ajindex.com/articles/1389693

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (118)

  1. ADB (2021), Anual Report 2021: Towards a Green and Inclusive Recovery, Manila: Philippines, https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/788046/adb-annual-report-2021.pdf
  2. AIIB (2016a), AIIB Annual Report and Accounts 2016: Connecting Asia for The Future, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2016/home/index.html
  3. AIIB (2016b), Articles of Agreement, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/basic-documents/_download/articles-of-agreement/basic_document_english-bank_articles_of_agreement.pdf
  4. AIIB (2016c), Inaugural Meeting of The Board of Guvernors Summary Proceedins, January 16-17 2016, Beijing, China, https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/board-governors/.content/index/_download/20160816034745788.pdf
  5. AIIB (2017a), AIIB Annual Report and Accounts 2017: Financing Asia’s Future, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2017/about-us/index.html
  6. AIIB (2017b), By-Laws of The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/basic-documents/_download/by-laws-of-the-asian/basic_document_by_laws_of_aiib.pdf
  7. AIIB (2018a), 2018 AIIB Annual Report and Financials, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2018/_common/pdf/2018-aiib-annual-report-and-financials.pdf
  8. AIIB (2018b), Anual Meeting of The Board of Guvernors Summary Proceedins, June 25-26 2018, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/board-governors/.content/index/_download/proceedings-board-of-governors-June-2018.pdf
  9. AIIB (2018c), Indonesia: Mandalika Urban and Tourism Infrastructure, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2018/approved/Indonesia-Mandalika-Urban-and-Tourism-Infrastructure.html
  10. AIIB (2019a), Bangladesh: Municipal Water Supply and Sanitation Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2019/approved/Bangladesh-Municipal-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Project.html
  11. AIIB (2019b), Türkiye: Efeler 97.6MWE Geothermal Power Plant Expansion Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2019/approved/Turkey-Efeler-Geothermal-Power-Plant-Project.html
  12. AIIB (2020a), 2020 AIIB Annual Report, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2020/_common/pdf/2020-aiib-annual-report-and-financials.pdf
  13. AIIB (2020b), Corporate Strategy Financing Infrastructure for Tomorrow, September 2020, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/policies-strategies/strategies/.content/index/_download/AIIB-Corporate-Strategy.pdf
  14. AIIB (2020c), Türkiye: Akbank COVID-19 Crisis Recovery Facility, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Turkey-Akbank-COVID-19-Crisis-Recovery-Facility.html
  15. AIIB (2020d), Türkiye: COVID-19 Medical Emergency Response (MER) Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Turkey-COVID-19-Medical-Emergency-Response-Project.html
  16. AIIB (2020e), China: Legend Capital Healthcare Technology Fund, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/China-Legend-Capital-Healthcare-Technology-Fund.html
  17. AIIB (2020f), Indonesia: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Indonesia-COVID-19-Active-Response-and-Expenditure-Support-Program.html
  18. AIIB (2020g), Bangladesh: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support (CARES) Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Bangladesh-COVID-19-Active-Response-and-Expenditure-Support-Program.html
  19. AIIB (2020h), Pakistan: Resilient Institutions for Sustainable Economy (RISE) Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Pakistan-Resilient-Institutions-for-Sustainable-Economy-Program.html
  20. AIIB (2020ı), Philippines: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support (CARES) Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Philippines-COVID-19-Active-Response-and-Expenditure-Support-Program.html
  21. AIIB (2020j), Georgia: Emergency COVID-19 Response Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Georgia-Emergency-COVID-19-Response-Project.html
  22. AIIB (2020k), Uzbekistan: National Bank for Foreign Economic Activity of the Republic of Uzbekistan COVID-19 Credit Line Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Uzbekistan-National-Bank-for-Foreign-Economic-Activity-of-the-Republic-of-Uzbekistan-COVID-19-Credit-Line-Project.html
  23. AIIB (2020l), Bangladesh: COVID-19 Emergency Response and Pandemic Preparedness Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Bangladesh-COVID-19-Emergency-Response-and-Pandemic-Preparedness-Project.html
  24. AIIB (2020m), India: COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health Systems Preparedness Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/India-COVID-19-Emergency-Response-and-Health-Systems-Preparedness-Project.html
  25. AIIB (2020n), Uzbekistan: Healthcare Emergency Response Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Uzbekistan-Healthcare-Emergency-Response-Project.html
  26. AIIB (2020o), Indonesia: Emergency Response to COVID-19 Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Indonesia-Emergency-Response-to-COVID-19-Program.html
  27. AIIB (2020p), Viet Nam: VP Bank COVID-19 Müdahale Tesisi, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2020/approved/Vietnam-VP-Bank-COVID-19-Response-Facility.html
  28. AIIB (2021a), 2021 AIIB Annual Report, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2021/_common/pdf/2021_AIIBAnnualReport_web-reduced.pdf
  29. AIIB (2021b), Environmental and Social Framework, May 2021, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/policies-strategies/_download/environment-framework/AIIB-Revised-Environmental-and-Social-Framework-ESF-May-2021-final.pdf
  30. AIIB (2021c), Environmental and Social Framework Fact Sheet, May 2021, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/policies-strategies/_download/environment-framework/ESF-Fact-Sheet.pdf
  31. AIIB (2021d). Project Summary Information: Bangladesh: Municipal Water Supply and Sanitation Project, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2019/approved/_download/bangladesh/Bangladesh-Municipal-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Project_May-17-2021.pdf
  32. AIIB (2021e), India: Gujarat Education Infrastructure and Technology Modernization Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/India-Gujarat-Education-Infrastructure-and-Technology-Modernization-Program.html
  33. AIIB (2021f), Türkiye: Türkiye Isbank COVID-19 Credit Line Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Turkey-Isbank-COVID-19-Credit-Line-Project.html
  34. AIIB (2021g), Egypt: Inclusive Growth for Sustainable Recovery DPF Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Egypt-Inclusive-Growth-for-Sustainable-Recovery-DPF-Program.html
  35. AIIB (2021h), Philippines: Second Health System Enhancement to Address and Limit COVID-19 Under the Asia Pacific Vaccine Access Facility Additional Financing Project (HEAL2-AF), https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Philippines-Second-Health-System-Enhancement-to-Address-and-Limit-COVID-19-Under-the-Asia-Pacific-Vaccine-Access-Facility-Additional-Financing-Project-HEAL2-AF.html
  36. AIIB (2021ı), Bangladesh: Bangladesh Sustainable Economic Recovery Program (Subprogram 1), https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Bangladesh-Sustainable-Economic-Recovery-Program-Subprogram-1.html
  37. AIIB (2021j), China: FOSUN COVID-19 Vaccine Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/China-FOSUN-COVID-19-Vaccine-Project.html
  38. AIIB (2021k), Hungary: Emergency Assistance for Healthcare Expenditures, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Hungary-Emergency-Assistance-for-Healthcare-Expenditures.html
  39. AIIB (2021l), Project Summary Information: India: Creating a Coordinated and Responsive Indian Social Protection System (CCRISP), https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/_download/india/summary/AIIB-PSI_India-Creating-a-Coordinated-and-Responsive-Indian-Social-Protection-System-PBF-P000523.pdf
  40. AIIB (2021m), Azerbaijan: Republic of Azerbaijan COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support (CARES) Program, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Azerbaijan-Republic-of-Azerbaijan-COVID-19-Active-Response-and-Expenditure-Support-CARES-Program.html
  41. AIIB (2021n), Indonesia: Emergency Response to COVID-19 Program - Additional Financing, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Indonesia-Emergency-Response-to-COVID-19-Program-Additional-Financing.html
  42. AIIB (2021o), Mongolia: Support for COVID-19 Vaccine Delivery in Mongolia under the Asia Pacific Vaccine Access Facility, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Mongolia-Support-for-COVID-19-Vaccine-Delivery-in-Mongolia-under-the-Asia-Pacific-Vaccine-Access-Facility.html
  43. AIIB (2021p). Georgia: TBC Bank COVID-19 Credit Line Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Georgia-TBC-Bank-COVID-19-Credit-Line-Project.html
  44. AIIB (2021r), Türkiye: Eximbank COVID-19 Credit Line Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Turkey-Eximbank-COVID-19-Credit-Line-Project.htm
  45. AIIB (2021s), Sri Lanka: COVID-19 Emergency and Crisis Response Facility, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2021/approved/Sri-Lanka-COVID-19-Emergency-and-Crisis-Response-Facility.html
  46. AIIB (2022a), Extension of the COVID-19 Crisis Recovery Facility, February, 24, 2022, https://www.aiib.org/en/policies-strategies/COVID-19-Crisis-Recovery-Facility/_download/AIIB-COVID-19-CRF-Extension-Paper_public-disclosure.pdf
  47. AIIB (2022b), Uzbekistan: Advancing Uzbekistan Economic and Social Transformation Development Policy Operation, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/Uzbekistan-Advancing-Uzbekistan-Economic-and-Social-Transformation-Development-Policy-Operation.html
  48. AIIB (2022c), Project Summary Information: Uzbekistan: Advancing Uzbekistan Economic and Social Transformation Development Policy Operation, Beijing: China, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/_download/uzbekistan/AIIB-Uzbekistan-000681-PSI-Advancing-Uzbekistan-Economic-and-Social-Transformation-Development-Policy-Operation.pdf
  49. AIIB (2022d), Bangladesh: Strengthening Social Resilience Program (Subprogram 2), https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/Bangladesh-Strengthening-Social-Resilience-Program-Subprogram-2.html
  50. AIIB (2022e), China: Haier Social Infrastructure Leasing, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/China-Haier-Social-Infrastructure-Leasing.html
  51. AIIB (2022f), Türkiye: COVID-19 Vaccine Project under the COVID-19 Crisis Recovery Facility, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/Turkey-COVID-19-Vaccine-Project-under-the-COVID-19-Crisis-Recovery-Facility.html
  52. AIIB (2022g), Cambodia: Emergency and Crisis Response Facility, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/Cambodia-Emergency-and-Crisis-Response-Facility.html
  53. AIIB (2022h), Cambodia: Cambodia PRASAC COVID-19 Response Facility, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/Cambodia-PRASAC-COVID-19-Response-Facility.html
  54. AIIB (2022ı), India: Responsive COVID-19 Vaccines for Recovery Project, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2022/approved/India-Responsive-COVID-19-Vaccines-for-Recovery-Project.html
  55. AIIB (2023), Philippines: Post-Covid-19 Business and Employment Recovery Program - Subprogram 1, https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/details/2023/approved/Philippines-Post-Covid-19-Business-and-Employment-Recovery-Program-Subprogram-1.html
  56. Atlı, Altay/Akar, Zeynepcan (2020), “China’s Relationship with the Liberal International Order: The Case of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, Marmara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilimler Dergisi (Cilt. 8, Özel Sayı) e1–e21.
  57. Brombal, Daniele (2018), “Planning for a Sustainable Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): An Appraisal of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) Environmental and Social Safeguards”, Wenhua Shan/Kimmo Nuotio/Kangle Zhang (Eds), Normative Readings of the Belt and Road Initiative (New York: Springer International Publishing): 129-145. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78018-4_7
  58. Bustillo, Ricardo/Andoni, Maiza (2018), “China, the EU and Multilateralism: the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional (Volume:61,Issue.1) 1-19. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329201800108
  59. Cai, Kevin G. (2018), “The One Belt One Road and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: Beijing’s New Strategy of Geoeconomics and Geopolitics”, Journal of Contemporary China (Volume:27,Issue.114) 831–47. DOI: 10.1080/10670564.2018.148810
  60. Cammack, Paul (2006), “The Politics of Global Competitiveness” Papers in the Politics of Global Competitiveness, Manchester Metropolitan University (Issue.1) https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/6190/1/The%20Politics%20of%20Global%20Competitiveness.pdf
  61. Cammack, Paul (2009a), “All power to global capital!”, Discussion Paper Institute for Global Studies, Manchester Metropolitan University (Issue.10), https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/67573/1/All%20Power%20to%20Global%20Capital.pdf.
  62. Cammack, Paul (2009b), P”overty Reduction and Universal Competitiveness”, Labour, Capital and Society (Volume:42,Issue.1-2), 32-54, https://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/92096.
  63. Cash, Joe (2023), “AIIB says review finds Chinese Communist control charge unfounded”, July 7, 2023, https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/aiib-refutes-allegations-over-chinese-communist-party-control-2023-07-07/
  64. China Daily (2023), “Politically motivated claim to discredit AIIB”, https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202306/15/WS648b03f3a31033ad3f7bc7db.html
  65. Chow, Daniel C. K. (2016), “Why China Established the Asia Infrastructure Investment Bank”, Public Law and Legal Theory Working Paper Series, The Ohio State University Moritz Collage of Law (Issue.333), https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2737888
  66. Creutz, Katja (2022), “The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and Rights Protection: Revisionist or just Another Kid on the Block?”, The International Journal of Human Rights 1-26. DOI: 10.1080/13642987.2022.2033727
  67. Çaşkurlu, Sibel (2022), “Küresel Ekonomik Düzen Değişirken Yeni Kuralları Belirleme Yarışı: Çin’in Hegemon Olma Denemesi”, Fiscaoeconomia (Cilt:6,Sayı.3) 1389-1418.
  68. Davis, Mike (2006), Gecekondu Gezegeni (İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 2. Baskı) (Çev: G. Koca).
  69. Gabusi, Giuseppe (2017), “’Crossing the River by Feeling the Gold’: The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Financial Support to the Belt and Road Initiative”, China and the World Economy (Volume:25,Issue.5) 23–45
  70. Gökbayrak, Şenay (2022), “Zor Zamanlarda Sosyal Güvenliği Yeniden Düşünmek Sosyal Güvenlik ve Gelirin Yeniden Dağılımı”, Çalışma ve Toplum (Cilt:1, Sayı.72) 107-142.
  71. Gu, Bin (2017), “Chinese Multilateralism in the AIIB”, Journal of International Economic Law (Volume:20,Issue.1) 137- 158. DOI: doi:10.1093/jiel/jgx006
  72. Güngen, Ali R. (2023), “New Multilateral Development Banks and Green Lending: Approaching Scalar Complexities in the Global South”, Development and Change (Volume:54,Issue.2) 251–279. DOI: 10.1111/dech.12755
  73. Haga, Kai Y. A. (2021), “The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: A Qualified Success for Beijing’s Economic Statecraft”, Journal of Current Chinese Affairs (Volume:50,Issue.3), 391-421. DOI: 10.1177/18681026211046967
  74. Hanlon, Robert J. (2017), “Thinking about the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: Can a China-Led Development Bank Improve Sustainability in Asia?”, Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies (Volume4,Issue.3) 541–554. DOI: doi: 10.1002/app5.186
  75. Humphrey, Chris (2020), “From Drawing Board to Reality The First Four Years of Operations at the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and New Development Bank”, Working Paper of the G-24 & Global Development Policy Center of Boston University (April 2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000411422
  76. Ito, Takatoshi (2015), “The Future of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: Concerns for Transparency and Governance”, Occasional Paper Series, Columbia Business School Center of Japanese Economy and Business https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D8WS8SFD
  77. Jones, Lee/ Zeng, Jinghan (2019), “Understanding China’s ‘Belt and Road Initiative’: Beyond ‘Grand Strategy’ to a State Transformation Analysis”, Third World QuarTerly (Volume:40,No.8) 1415–1439. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2018.1559046
  78. Kämpf, A. (2016), New Environmental and Social Standards at the Wolrd Bank and the AIIB: Consequences of the New Standards for Ensuring Respect for Human Rights, Berlin: Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-48706-7
  79. Kapur, Devesh./ Lewis, John P./ Webb, Richard (1997a), The World Bank: Its First Half Century (Volume:1) (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press) https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/313081468322727631/pdf/578750PUB0v10W10Box353775B01PUBLIC1.pdf.
  80. Kim, Jisan (2016), “Regulating Economic Development: Environmental and Social Standarts of the AIIB and IFC”, https://harvardilj.org/2016/04/regulating-economic-development-environmental-and-social-standards-of-the-aiib-and-the-ifc/
  81. Kim, Dong Kyu/ Lee, Jaein/ Woo, Byungwon (2021), “Institutional Rigidity of the Bretton Woods Institutions, Domestic Politics of the U.S. and the Establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, The Korean Journal of International Studies (Volume:19,Issue.1) 105-132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14731/kjis.2021.04.19.1.105
  82. Kim, Hun/Mu, Zhaojing (2022), “Opportunities for Social Infrastructure Operations at AIIB”, October 25, 2022, https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/media-center/blog/2022/Opportunities-for-Social-Infrastructure-Operations-at-AIIB.html
  83. Kim, Jim Y. (2012a), The Annual Meeting Plenary Session, Presidential Speech, Washington D.C.: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/117961468179640518/Remarks-as-prepared-for-delivery-World-Bank-Group-President-Jim-Yong-Kim-at-the-annual-meeting-plenary-session
  84. Kim, Jim Y. (2012b). Press Conference with World Bank Group, Presidential Speech, Washington D.C.: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/382001468185397034/Press-conference-with-World-Bank-Group-President-Jim-Yong-Kim
  85. Kon, Michael/ Hsu, Shu-Ming/ Kung, Long-Sheng (2016), “Why Did China Take One Belt and One Road (OBOR) Strategy and Initiate The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)?”, International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Research (IJECR) (Volume:6,Issue.2) 39-54. Kuşku Sönmez, Eda (2020), “Çin’in Bölgesel Hegemonya Araçları Olarak Asya Pasifikte Uluslararası Örgütler”, Doğu Asya Araştırmaları Dergisi (Cilt:3,Sayı.6) 33-53.
  86. Liu, Weidong/Dunford, Michael (2016), “Inclusive Globalization: Unpacking China's Belt and Road Initiative”, Area Development and Policy (Volume:00,Issue.00) 1-18. DOI: 10.1080/23792949.2016.1232598
  87. Malpass, David (2021b), Remarks at the Human Capital Conclave, Delivered April 5, 2021, Washington D.C.: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/35399
  88. Morris, David (2020), “Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, In Romaniuk, S./Thapa, M./ Marton, P. (eds), The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Global Security Studies (Palgrave Macmillan, Cham) 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74336-3_637-1
  89. Morris, David (2021), “Geopolitical Shift at a Time of Covid-19 and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: A Case Study of Chinese innovation in Multilateralism”, Society and Economy (Volume:43,Issue.3) 208–226. DOI: 10.1556/204.2021.00003
  90. Özuğurlu, Metin (2003), “Sosyal Politikanın Dönüşümü ya da Sıfatın Suretten Kopuşu”, Mülkiye Dergisi (Cilt: 27, Sayı: 239) 59-74.
  91. Radavoi, Ciprian N./Bian, Yongmin (2018), “The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank’s Environmental and Social Policies: A Critical Discourse Analysis”, Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy (Volume:34,Issue.1) 1-18. DOI: 10.1080/21699763.2017.1372301
  92. Shao, Mengqi./Mullins May Ten/ Xie Linjun (2021), “Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)’s Sustainable Safeguard Mechanism on Energy Projects”, Energy Strategy Review (Issue.38), 1-13. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100711
  93. Strand, Jonathan R./ Flores, Eduardo M./ Trevathan, Michael W. (2016), “China’s Leadership in Global Economic Governance and the Creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, Rising Powers Quarterly, (Volume:1,Issue.1) 55-69.
  94. Şimşek, Orhan (2019), “Küreselleşmenin Dönüşümü ve Çin’in Rolü”, Sosyoekonomi (Cilt:27,Sayı.40) 185-196.
  95. Türel, Oktar (2021), Küresel İktisadi Tarihçe: 1980-2009 (İstanbul: Yordam Kitap, 1. Baskı).
  96. Uhlin, Anders (2019), “Legitimacy Struggles in Global Governance: Legitimation and Delegitimation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, SAGE Open (July-September 2019) 1–14. DOI: 10.1177/2158244019870203
  97. Wang, Wawa (2023), “Indonesia’s Mandalika Project Reveals the Dark Side of AIIB Lending”, The Diplomat, July 01, 2023, https://thediplomat.com/2023/06/indonesias-mandalika-project-reveals-the-dark-side-of-aiib-lending/
  98. Wang, Zhaohui (2017), “The Economic Rise of China Rule-Taker, Rule-Maker, or Rule-Breaker?”, Asian Survey (Volume:57,Issue.4) pp. 595–617. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/ AS.2017.57.4.595
  99. World Bank (2010), The World Bank Annual Report 2010: Year in Review, Washington, DC.: World Bank.
  100. World Bank (2012). World Development Report 2013: Jobs, Washington D.C.: World Bank.
  101. Xu, Junhao M. (2020), “How the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Challenges the World Bank: A Comparative Case Study of Road Projects in Gujarat, India”, NYU Abu Dhabi Journal of Social Sciences (September 2020) 1-7. https://sites.nyuad.nyu.edu/jss/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/JSS_Paper_AIIB_author-confirmed.pdf
  102. Yamak, Sinan C. (2021), “China’s Proactive Strategy to Breach the Turn in Global Economic Order: Placing the Belt and Road Initiative in Between Globalization and Regionalization Trends”, Journal of International Studies (Volume:5,Issue.2) 96-104.
  103. Yeo, Yukyung (2018), “China’s Policy of “Going Out” 2.0: Ideas, Interests, and the Rise of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)”, The Korean Journal of International Studies (Volume:16,Issue.3) 367-387. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14731/kjis.2018.12.16.3.367
  104. Yu, Hong (2017), “Motivation Behind China’s ‘One Belt, One Road’ Initiatives and Establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank”, Journal of Contemporary China (Volume:26,Issue.105) 353-368. DOI: 10.1080/10670564.2016.1245894
  105. Zabcı, Filiz (2017), Dünya Bankası Yanılsamalar ve Gerçekler (İstanbul: Yordam Kitap, 2. Baskı).
  106. Zoellick, Robert, B. (2009), “Kriz Sonrası Dünya Bankası Grubu”, Presidential Speech, Washington D.C.: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/399591522060735514/Kriz-Sonrası-Dünya-Bankası-Grubu.
  107. https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/members-of-bank/index.html
  108. https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/index.html
  109. https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/who-we-are/role-of-law/index.html
  110. https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/senior-management/index.html
  111. https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/list/index.html?status=Approved
  112. https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/summary/index.html
  113. https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/news/2017/World-Bank-and-AIIB-Sign-Cooperation-Framework.html
  114. https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/news/2022/AIIB-Expands-COVID-19-Crisis-Recovery-Facility-to-USD20-Billion.html
  115. https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2021/home/index.html
  116. https://www.aiib.org/en/policies-strategies/COVID-19-Crisis-Recovery-Facility/index.html
  117. https://www.aiib.org/en/what-we-do/investment-operations/social-infrastructure-department/index.html
  118. https://www.imf.org/en/About/executive-board/members-quotas