KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Spiritual Psychology and Counseling / 2026 / Volume: 11 Issue: 3

Religious Commitment and Spiritual Well-Being in Understanding Future Anxiety among Indonesian Muslim University Students

Fajar Ruddin(Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta)0000-0003-4372-8360
Fiska Puspa Arinda(Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta)0009-0003-4179-3326
Wisnu Sri Hertinjung(Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta)0000-0002-2068-525X
Ahmad Nurrohim(Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta)0009-0003-7658-7768
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2026-10-03
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

The study highlights the potential value of integrating spiritual resources into counseling practices to support emerging adults in managing future-related concerns.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:This study examined the relationships between religious commitment, spiritual well-being, and future anxiety among Muslim emerging adults, with attention to their relevance for counseling.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 722 university students in Indonesia aged 18–25 years (M = 19.5, SD = 1.12).
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:The study highlights the potential value of integrating spiritual resources into counseling practices to support emerging adults in managing future-related concerns.
🔬Tür:Uygulamalı Anket & Alan Araştırması
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Religious commitment · Spiritual well-being · Future anxiety

Abstract

This study examined the relationships between religious commitment, spiritual well-being, and future anxiety among Muslim emerging adults, with attention to their relevance for counseling. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 722 university students in Indonesia aged 18–25 years (M = 19.5, SD = 1.12). Data were analyzed using correlation, regression, and mediation analyses. The results indicated that religious commitment was positively associated with spiritual well-being, while spiritual well-being was negatively associated with future anxiety. Furthermore, spiritual well-being partially mediated the relationship between religious commitment and future anxiety. These findings suggest that spiritual well-being may function as a psychological mechanism linking religiosity to anxiety reduction. The study highlights the potential value of integrating spiritual resources into counseling practices to support emerging adults in managing future-related concerns.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Ruddin, F., Arinda, F. P., Hertinjung, W. S., Nurrohim, A. (2026). Religious Commitment and Spiritual Well-Being in Understanding Future Anxiety among Indonesian Muslim University Students. Spiritual Psychology and Counseling, Volume: 11 Issue: 3. https://doi.org/10.37898/spiritualpc.1931271

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (67)

  1. Abu-Raiya, H., & Pargament, K. I. (2011). Empirically based psychology of Islam: Summary and critique of the literature. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 14(2), 93–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674670903426482
  2. Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., & Krause, N. (2016). Religion as problem, religion as solution: Religious buffers of the links between religious/spiritual struggles and well-being/mental health. Quality of Life Research, 25(5), 1265–1274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1163-8
  3. Aggarwal, S., Wright, J., Morgan, A., Patton, G., & Reavley, N. (2023). Religiosity and spirituality in the prevention and management of depression and anxiety in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 729. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05091-2
  4. Akça, E. (2025). The relationship between spiritual intelligence, religiosity and future anxiety among university students. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2), 570–607. https://doi.org/10.17984/adyuebd.1649468
  5. Arnett, J. J. (2023). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197695937.001.0001
  6. Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783
  7. Cortina, J. M. (1993). What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(1), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.1.98
  8. Cuijpers, P., Smit, F., Aalten, P., Batelaan, N., Klein, A., Salemink, E., Spinhoven, P., Struijs, S., Vonk, P., Wiers, R. W., De Wit, L., Gentili, C., Ebert, D. D., Bruffaerts, R., Kessler, R. C., & Karyotaki, E. (2021). The associations of common psychological problems with mental disorders among college students. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 573637. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.573637
  9. Eisinga, R., te Grotenhuis, M., & Pelzer, B. (2013). The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or Spearman-Brown? International Journal of Public Health, 58(4), 637–642. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-012-0416-3
  10. Ellison, C. W. (1983). Spiritual well-being: Conceptualization and measurement. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 11(4), 330–338. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164718301100406
  11. Fabbris, J. L., Mesquita, A. C., Caldeira, S., Carvalho, A. M. P., & Carvalho, E. C. D. (2017). Anxiety and spiritual well-being in nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 35(3), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/0898010116655004
  12. Farhane-Medina, N. Z., Luque, B., Tabernero, C., & Castillo-Mayén, R. (2022). Factors associated with gender and sex differences in anxiety prevalence and comorbidity: A systematic review. Science Progress, 105(4), 00368504221135469. https://doi.org/10.1177/00368504221135469
  13. Fathkhullathif, A. I. K. (2025). Destiny and mental health: Reading Al Ghazali’s tawakkal and Ibn Taymiyyah’s ikhtiyar through the lens of modern psychology. Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 5(2), 130–144. https://doi.org/10.22373/jpi.v5i2.32419
  14. Genia, V. (2001). Evaluation of the Spiritual Well-Being Scale in a sample of college students. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 11(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327582IJPR1101_03
  15. Ghazzālī. (1972). The revival of religious sciences (Bankey Behari, Trans.; original title: Ihya Ulum al-Din). Sufi Publishing Co.
  16. Hammad, M. A. (2016). Future anxiety and its relationship to students’ attitude toward academic specialization. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(15), 54–65.
  17. Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
  18. Hill, P. C., & Pargament, K. I. (2008). Advances in the conceptualization and measurement of religion and spirituality: Implications for physical and mental health research. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, S(1), 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1037/1941-1022.S.1.3
  19. Imran, M. H., Zhai, Z., & Iqbal, M. (2022). The role of religious coping to overcome mental distress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic: An integrative review. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 22(3), 817–835. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12327
  20. Inhorn, M. C., & Smith-Hefner, N. J. (2020). Waithood: Gender, education, and global delays in marriage and childbearing. Berghahn Books.
  21. Jankowski, P. J., Sandage, S. J., Wang, D. C., & Crabtree, S. (2022). Virtues as mediators of the associations between religious/spiritual commitment and well-being. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 17(5), 2877–2901. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-022-10046-y
  22. Joshanloo, M., & Weijers, D. (2016). Religiosity moderates the relationship between income inequality and life satisfaction across the globe. Social Indicators Research, 128(2), 731–750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1054-y
  23. Keane, C., Waldeck, D., Holliman, A., Goodman, S., & Choudhry, K. (2021). Exploring the experience of anxiety among final year students at university: A thematic analysis. The Qualitative Report, 26(8), 2621–2630. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.4874
  24. Khalil, K., Aoun, J., Abou Jaoude, J. J., Cherfane, M., & Akiki, Z. (2026). Association between religiosity and anxiety and depression among university students: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychology, 14(1), 190. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03951-y
  25. King, P. E., & Boyatzis, C. J. (2015). Religious and spiritual development. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science (pp. 1–48). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy323
  26. Koenig, H. G. (2012). Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications. ISRN Psychiatry, 2012, 1–33. https://doi.org/10.5402/2012/278730
  27. MacKinnon, D. P., Krull, J. L., & Lockwood, C. M. (2000). Equivalence of the mediation, confounding and suppression effect. Prevention Science, 1(4), 173–181. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026595011371
  28. MacLeod, A. K., Williams, J. M., & Bekerian, D. A. (1991). Worry is reasonable: The role of explanations in pessimism about future personal events. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 478–486. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.478
  29. Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_157_18
  30. Muqaramma, R.-, Razak, A., & Hamid, H. (2022). Fenomena kecemasan karir pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir di era disrupsi 4.0. Sulawesi Tenggara Educational Journal, 2(1), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.54297/seduj.v2i1.222
  31. Nasr, S. H. (1996). Religion & the order of nature: The 1994 Cadbury lectures at the University of Birmingham. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195108231.001.0001
  32. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). An overview of psychological measurement. In B. B. Wolman (Ed.), Clinical diagnosis of mental disorders: A handbook (pp. 97–146). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2490-4_4
  33. Öztekin, G. G., Gómez-Salgado, J., & Yıldırım, M. (2025). Future anxiety, depression and stress among undergraduate students: Psychological flexibility and emotion regulation as mediators. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1517441. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1517441
  34. Paloutzian, R. F., Agilkaya-Sahin, Z., Bruce, K. C., Kvande, M. N., Malinakova, K., Marques, L. F., Musa, A. S., Nojomi, M., Öztürk, E. E., Putri, I. P., & You, S.-K. (2021). The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS): Cross-cultural assessment across 5 continents, 10 languages, and 300 studies. In A. L. Ai, P. Wink, R. F. Paloutzian, & K. A. Harris (Eds.), Assessing spirituality in a diverse world (pp. 413–444). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52140-0_17
  35. Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual well-being, and the quality of life. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research, and therapy (pp. 224–237). Wiley-Interscience.
  36. Park, C. L. (2010). Making sense of the meaning literature: An integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 257–301. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018301
  37. Pearce, M. J., Koenig, H. G., Robins, C. J., Nelson, B., Shaw, S. F., Cohen, H. J., & King, M. B. (2015). Religiously integrated cognitive behavioral therapy: A new method of treatment for major depression in patients with chronic medical illness. Psychotherapy, 52(1), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036448
  38. Phillips, T. M., Wilmoth, J. D., Wheeler, B. E., Long, A. C., Pylate, L., & Brink, J. (2023). Religiosity and well-being in emerging adults. Religion & Education, 50(1), 70–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/15507394.2022.2154105
  39. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
  40. Pratama, G. F., Herdian, Nur’aeni, & Suwarti. (2024). Islamic religiosity and future anxiety on disabled children’s parents: Parental acceptance as a mediating variable. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 9(2), 182–195. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v9i2.4648
  41. Purwandari, E., Priyadi, S., Taufik, T., Handayani, A., Calsum, A. Y., & Azmi, K. S. (2025). A network analysis approach to religious commitment, mental health, and well-being of Indonesian Muslims. Bulletin of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.51214/002025071272000
  42. Putri, O. H., & Anganthi, N. R. N. (2023). Spiritual well-being and death anxiety in chronic diseases: A meta-analysis study. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 8(2), 123–139. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v8i2.21150
  43. Qolbi, F. H., Musthofa, A., & Chotidjah, S. (2020). The emerging adulthood period for students: Anxiety about the future, subjective welfare, and Islamic religiosity. Psikoislamika: Jurnal Psikologi dan Psikologi Islam, 17(1), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.18860/psi.v17i1.8821
  44. Rabei, S., Ramadan, S., & Abdallah, N. (2020). Self-efficacy and future anxiety among students of nursing and education colleges of Helwan University. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 27(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-020-00049-6
  45. Rassool, G. H. (2021). Islamic psychology: Human behaviour and experience from an Islamic perspective. Routledge.
  46. Roszak, P., Horvat, S., Oviedo, L., & Berry, J. A. (2025). Religion and growth in resilience: Strategies to counter cognitive attacks. Pastoral Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11089-025-01231-5
  47. Ruddin, F., Ilahi, R., & Taufik. (2025). The psychological framework of the shahada: An integrative model of faith and mental health. Indonesian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(4), 811–826. https://doi.org/10.33367/ijhass.v6i4.8176
  48. Ruddin, F., & Nuryanti, L. (2026). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Future Anxiety Scale: Evidence from Indonesian emerging adults. Mental Health and Social Inclusion. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-10-2025-0285
  49. Sabki, Z. A., Sa’ari, C. Z., Muhsin, S. B. S., Kheng, G. L., Sulaiman, A. H., & Koenig, H. G. (2019). Islamic integrated cognitive behavior therapy: A Shari’ah compliant intervention for Muslims with depression. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 28(1), 29–38.
  50. Saroglou, V. (2011). Believing, bonding, behaving, and belonging: The big four religious dimensions and cultural variation. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(8), 1320–1340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022111412267
  51. Schnell, T. (2021). The psychology of meaning in life. Routledge.
  52. Selig, J. P., & Little, T. D. (2012). Autoregressive and cross-lagged panel analysis for longitudinal data. In B. Laursen, T. D. Little, & N. A. Card (Eds.), Handbook of developmental research methods (pp. 265–278). The Guilford Press.
  53. Shalom, J. P., & Dewi, W. P. (2025). The role of spiritual well-being in future anxiety among final-year students in diploma to bachelor's degree programs in Indonesia. Selaras: Journal of Psychological Studies, 1(1), 21–36.
  54. Steiger, J. H. (1980). Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 87(2), 245–251. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.87.2.245
  55. Strauss, J., Witoelar, F., & Sikoki, B. (2016). The fifth wave of the Indonesia Family Life Survey: Overview and field report: Volume 1. RAND Corporation. https://doi.org/10.7249/WR1143.1
  56. Sulfinadia, H., Jurna Petri Roszi, Mega Puspita, A’zizil Fadli, & A’inil Fadli. (2025). The phenomenon marriage is scary: Causal factors and efforts faced by Muslim communities in Indonesia. Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 10(1), 355–377. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v10i1.12414
  57. Villani, D., Sorgente, A., Iannello, P., & Antonietti, A. (2019). The role of spirituality and religiosity in subjective well-being of individuals with different religious status. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 1525. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01525
  58. Vitorino, L. M., Lucchetti, G., Leão, F. C., Vallada, H., & Peres, M. F. P. (2018). The association between spirituality and religiousness and mental health. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 17233. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35380-w
  59. Wathelet, M., Duhem, S., Vaiva, G., Baubet, T., Habran, E., Veerapa, E., Debien, C., Molenda, S., Horn, M., Grandgenèvre, P., Notredame, C.-E., & D’Hondt, F. (2020). Factors associated with mental health disorders among university students in France confined during the COVID-19 pandemic. JAMA Network Open, 3(10), e2025591. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.25591
  60. Wilson, A., Khumalo, I. P., & Mpofu, E. (2022). Meaning in life among Ghanaian university students: Does religious commitment matter? Journal of Religion and Health, 61(3), 2482–2499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-021-01405-4
  61. Wnuk, M. (2021). Religion and life satisfaction of Polish female students representing Roman Catholic affiliation: Test of empirical model. Religions, 12(8), 597. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12080597
  62. Wnuk, M., & Klimasiński, M. (2026). Existential well-being mediates the relationship between religious well-being and mental health as well as quality of life in Polish chronic pain patients: Longitudinal pilot study. Journal of Religion and Health. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-025-02531-z
  63. Wood, D., Crapnell, T., Lau, L., Bennett, A., Lotstein, D., Ferris, M., & Kuo, A. (2018). Emerging adulthood as a critical stage in the life course. In N. Halfon, C. B. Forrest, R. M. Lerner, & E. M. Faustman (Eds.), Handbook of life course health development (pp. 123–143). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47143-3_7
  64. Worthington, E. L., Wade, N. G., Hight, T. L., Ripley, J. S., McCullough, M. E., Berry, J. W., Schmitt, M. M., Berry, J. T., Bursley, K. H., & O’Connor, L. (2003). The Religious Commitment Inventory-10: Development, refinement, and validation of a brief scale for research and counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(1), 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.50.1.84
  65. Yang, L., Wang, N., Li, D., Zhao, X., Wen, M., Zhang, Y., & Liu, Y. (2025). Social support and anxiety, a moderated mediating model. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 29390. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14336-x
  66. Zaleski, Z. (1996). Future anxiety: Concept, measurement, and preliminary research. Personality and Individual Differences, 21(2), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(96)00070-0
  67. Zhang, H., Xia, Y., Fu, P., Li, C., Shi, K., & Yang, Y. (2025). Gender differences in psychosocial pathways to depression and anxiety: Cross-sectional and Bayesian causal network study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27(1), e76913. https://doi.org/10.2196/76913