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AI InsightAnahtar Kelimeler: Vehhabilik, Suudi Arabistan, Kelâm, Tevhit, Mezhep
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Özet
ABSTRACT This article examines pre-modern reform movement Wahhabism emerged in the Najd region of current Saudi Arabia, in the eighteenth century. For the opponents, the Wahhabi term is derived from the name of its formulator, Muhammad b. Abdulwahhab (d.1792). However, Ibn Abdulwahhab and his followers call themselves as ‘muwahhidun’ (monotheists). The views and approach of Ibn Abdullwahhab to Islamic theology construct the ideology of the movement. The movement initially emerged as a religious initiative against innovations, but then transformed into a political movement. The article sheds light historical connections between Wahhabi and Saudi families that played vital role in the formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Keywords: Wahhabism, Saudi Arabia, Islamic Theology, Monotheism, Sect ÖZ Vehhabi Fırkasının Doğuşu ve Suudi Arabistan’a Etkisi Bu makalede on sekizinci yüzyılda bugünkü Suudi Arabistan’ın Necd bölgesinde modernite öncesi ortaya çıkmış olan yeniden yapılanmacı Vehhabi hareketi incelenmektedir. Bu mezhebin karşıtları Vehhabi adlandırmasını ekolün kurucusu ve fikir babası olan Muhammed b. Abdulvehhab (ö.1792)’a nisbetle yapmışlardır. Fakat İbni Abdulvehhab ve takipçileri kendilerini ‘birleyen’ anlamında ‘muvahhidun’ olarak nitelendirmişlerdir. İbni Abdulvehhab’ın kelâma dair fikir ve yaklaşımları bu hareketin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Vehhabilik ilk önce bid’atlere karşı dînî bir hareket olarak ortaya çıkmış daha sonraları ise siyasi bir amaca bürünmüştür. Ayrıca bu çalışmada bugünkü Suudi Arabistan Krallığı’nın oluşumunda hayati öneme sahip olan Vehhabi ailesi ve Suud hanedanlığının tarihsel ilişkilerine yer verilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Vehhabilik, Suudi Arabistan, Kelâm, Tevhit, Mezhep
Abstract
This article examines pre-modern reform movement Wahhabism emerged in the Najd region of current Saudi Arabia, in the eighteenth century. For the opponents, the Wahhabi term is derived from the name of its formulator, Muhammad b. Abdulwahhab (d.1792). However, Ibn Abdulwahhab and his followers call themselves as ‘muwahhidun’ (monotheists). The views and approach of Ibn Abdullwahhab to Islamic theology construct the ideology of the movement. The movement initially emerged as a religious initiative against innovations, but then transformed into a political movement. The article sheds light historical connections between Wahhabi and Saudi families that played vital role in the formation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia