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Cerrahi Alan Enfeksiyonlarının Önlenmesinde Yeni Yaklaşımlar: Güncel Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi

New Approaches to the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections: A Review of the Current Literature

Arda Şakir Yılmaz(ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, CERRAHİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0003-1269-0814
Işılay Torusdağ(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0009-0006-2191-7477
Mehmet Mustafa Cankurt(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0009-0003-2165-2286
Muzaffer Tepeler(ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ)0009-0002-1897-2900
Nilüfer Kulieva(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0009-0003-8331-5269
Şerife Nur Körce(ESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE)0009-0004-5571-7364
Sayfa
38–48
Yayın Tarihi
2026-08-14
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Güncel veriler, özellikle yüksek riskli hasta gruplarında triklosan kaplı sütürler ve ciNPWT gibi yöntemlerin CAE oranlarını azaltabileceğini göstermektedir.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

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Amaç & Hipotez:Cerrahi alan enfeksiyonları (CAE), modern cerrahi uygulamalardaki gelişmelere rağmen morbidite ve mortaliteyi artıran, hastanede kalış süresini uzatan ve sağlık maliyetlerini yükselten yaygın sağlık hizmetleriyle ilişkili enfeksiyonlar arasında yer almaktadır.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Günümüzde CAE’nin önlenmesi, standart antiseptik önlemlerin ötesinde, hasta riski ve cerrahi özelliklere göre şekillenen çok bileşenli ve kişiselleştirilmiş stratejilere yönelmektedir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Güncel veriler, özellikle yüksek riskli hasta gruplarında triklosan kaplı sütürler ve ciNPWT gibi yöntemlerin CAE oranlarını azaltabileceğini göstermektedir.
🔬Tür:Literatür & Derleme Çalışması
📍Kapsam:2020–2026 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:Cerrahi alan enfeksiyonu · triklosan kaplı sütürler · negatif basınçlı yara tedavisi

Özet

Cerrahi alan enfeksiyonları (CAE), modern cerrahi uygulamalardaki gelişmelere rağmen morbidite ve mortaliteyi artıran, hastanede kalış süresini uzatan ve sağlık maliyetlerini yükselten yaygın sağlık hizmetleriyle ilişkili enfeksiyonlar arasında yer almaktadır. Günümüzde CAE’nin önlenmesi, standart antiseptik önlemlerin ötesinde, hasta riski ve cerrahi özelliklere göre şekillenen çok bileşenli ve kişiselleştirilmiş stratejilere yönelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, CAE’nin önlenmesine yönelik güncel yaklaşımlar preoperatif, intraoperatif ve postoperatif dönemler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Literatür taraması PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science ve Google Scholar veri tabanlarında gerçekleştirilmiş; özellikle 2020–2026 yılları arasında yayımlanan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Nazal dekolonizasyon, klorheksidin bazlı antiseptik hazırlık, triklosan kaplı sütürler, çift halka yapılı yara koruyucular, kapalı insizyon negatif basınçlı yara tedavisi (ciNPWT), perioperatif normotermi ve oksijenizasyon stratejileri ile dijital yara izlemi ve yapay zekâ destekli sürveyans sistemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Güncel veriler, özellikle yüksek riskli hasta gruplarında triklosan kaplı sütürler ve ciNPWT gibi yöntemlerin CAE oranlarını azaltabileceğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, bazı yeni teknolojiler için kanıt düzeyi sınırlıdır ve sonuçlar cerrahi branşlara göre değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Ayrıca, antimikrobiyal direnç ve antimikrobiyal yönetim uygulamaları, enfeksiyon kontrolünün temel bileşenleri arasında yer almaktadır. Sonuç olarak, CAE oranlarının azaltılmasında kanıta dayalı standartların uygulanması, multidisipliner yaklaşımın benimsenmesi ve risk temelli kişiselleştirilmiş stratejilerin kullanılması büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Abstract

Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a common healthcare-associated infections, increasing morbidity and mortality, prolonging hospital stays, and raising healthcare costs, despite advances in modern surgical practices. Contemporary SSI prevention strategies have evolved beyond standard antiseptic measures toward multifactorial and personalized approaches based on patient risk profiles and surgical characteristics. In this study evaluated current approaches for SSI prevention during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, primarily focusing on studies published between 2020 and 2026. Current preventive strategies, including nasal decolonization, chlorhexidine-based antiseptic preparation, triclosan-coated sutures, dual-ring wound protectors, closed incision negative pressure wound therapy (ciNPWT), perioperative normothermia and oxygenation strategies, digital wound monitoring, and artificial intelligence-assisted surveillance systems, were reviewed. Recent evidence suggests that interventions such as triclosan-coated sutures and ciNPWT may reduce SSI rates, particularly in high-risk patient populations. However, evidence remains limited for several emerging technologies, and outcomes may vary among surgical specialties. In addition, antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic stewardship programs have become essential components of infection prevention strategies. In conclusion, effective SSI prevention requires evidence-based perioperative standards, multidisciplinary collaboration, and risk-based personalized approaches rather than a universal strategy.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Yılmaz, A. Ş., Torusdağ, I., Cankurt, M. M., Tepeler, M., Kulieva, N., Körce, Ş. N. (2026). Cerrahi Alan Enfeksiyonlarının Önlenmesinde Yeni Yaklaşımlar: Güncel Literatürün Gözden Geçirilmesi. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 48 Sayı: Öğrenci Özel Sayısı 2026, 38–48. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1973713

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