KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Mersin University Journal of Maritime Faculty / 2024 / Volume: 6 Issue: 2

A REVIEW OF AMMONIA AS A SUSTAINABLE FUEL FOR MARITIME TRANSPORTATION

Fatih Okumuş(MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DENİZCİLİK FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-8414-5802
Engin Kanun(MERSIN UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-2369-5322
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2024-12-30
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

This comprehensive analysis provides an in-depth perspective on the potential contributions of ammonia to achieving decarbonization goals in the maritime sector, as well as the obstacles that must be addressed.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:While the maritime transportation sector plays a critical role in the global economy, it also significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:This study examines the energy efficiency, technical feasibility, and environmental impacts of ammonia as an alternative fuel in maritime transportation.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:This comprehensive analysis provides an in-depth perspective on the potential contributions of ammonia to achieving decarbonization goals in the maritime sector, as well as the obstacles that must be addressed.
🔬Tür:Review Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Ammonia · Decarbonization · Maritime

Abstract

While the maritime transportation sector plays a critical role in the global economy, it also significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. This study examines the energy efficiency, technical feasibility, and environmental impacts of ammonia as an alternative fuel in maritime transportation. The contributions of regulatory initiatives, such as the IMO's Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) and the EU's FuelEU Maritime initiative, in promoting the use of low-carbon fuels to reduce emissions are discussed. The study evaluates the chemical and physical properties of ammonia, challenges associated with its combustion and production processes, with a focus on integrating renewable energy sources for green ammonia production. Findings suggest that ammonia's low reactivity and wide availability make it a promising sustainable fuel. However, overcoming challenges such as combustion difficulties and toxicity will require technological advancements. This comprehensive analysis provides an in-depth perspective on the potential contributions of ammonia to achieving decarbonization goals in the maritime sector, as well as the obstacles that must be addressed.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Okumuş, F., Kanun, E. (2024). A REVIEW OF AMMONIA AS A SUSTAINABLE FUEL FOR MARITIME TRANSPORTATION. Mersin University Journal of Maritime Faculty, Volume: 6 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.47512/meujmaf.1589195

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (54)

  1. Asman, W. A., Sutton, M. A., & Schjørring, J. K. (1998). Ammonia: emission, atmospheric transport and deposition. The New Phytologist, 139(1), 27-48.
  2. Al-Enazi, A., Okonkwo, E. C., Bicer, Y., & Al-Ansari, T. (2021). A review of cleaner alternative fuels for maritime transportation. Energy Reports, 7, 1962-1985.
  3. Ammonia’s Potential Role in a Low-Carbon Economy. (t.y.). Arrival Date 14 November 2024, from https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/IF12273.html
  4. Berwal, P., Kumar, S., & Khandelwal, B. (2021). A comprehensive review on synthesis, chemical kinetics, and practical application of ammonia as future fuel for combustion. Journal of the Energy Institute, 99, 273-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2021.10.001
  5. Chai, W. S., Bao, Y., Jin, P., Tang, G., & Zhou, L. (2021). A review on ammonia, ammonia-hydrogen and ammonia-methane fuels. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 147, 111254.
  6. Chehade, G., & Dincer, I. (2021). Progress in green ammonia production as potential carbon-free fuel. Fuel, 299, 120845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120845
  7. Díaz-Motta, A., Díaz-González, F., & Villa-Arrieta, M. (2023). Energy sustainability assessment of offshore wind-powered ammonia. Journal of Cleaner Production, 420, 138419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138419
  8. DNV. (2023). Energy transition outlook 2023- Maritime Forecast to 2050. DNV.
  9. Drazdauskas, M., & Lebedevas, S. (2024). Optimization of Combustion Cycle Energy Efficiency and Exhaust Gas Emissions of Marine Dual-Fuel Engine by Intensifying Ammonia Injection. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 12(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020309
  10. Elçiçek, H. (2024). Bibliometric analysis on hydrogen and ammonia: a comparative evaluation for achieving IMO’s decarbonization targets. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1-22.
  11. EMSA. (t.y.). The world merchant fleet—Statistics from Equasis. Geliş tarihi 12 Kasım 2024, gönderen https://www.emsa.europa.eu/publications/reports/item/472-annualstatistical-report-on-the-world-merchant-statistics-from-equasisics-fromequasis.html
  12. Fasihi, M., Weiss, R., Savolainen, J., & Breyer, C. (2021). Global potential of green ammonia based on hybrid PV-wind power plants. Applied Energy, 294, 116170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116170
  13. Gilberg, M. R., & Seeley, N. J. (1982). Liquid ammonia as a solvent and reagent in conservation. Studies in Conservation, 27(1), 38-44. https://doi.org/10.1179/sic.1982.27.1.38
  14. Global ammonia annual production capacity. (t.y.). Statista. Access Date 14 November 2024, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1065865/ammonia-production-capacity-globally/
  15. Hatfield, O. (November 2020). Review of global ammonia supply. AEA Conference.
  16. Herbinet, O., Bartocci, P., & Grinberg Dana, A. (2022a). On the use of ammonia as a fuel – A perspective. Fuel Communications, 11, 100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2022.100064
  17. Herbinet, O., Bartocci, P., & Grinberg Dana, A. (2022b). On the use of ammonia as a fuel – A perspective. Fuel Communications, 11, 100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2022.100064
  18. Hu, Z., Yin, Z., An, Y., & Pei, Y. (2023). Ammonia as fuel for future diesel engines. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1002059
  19. Huo, R., Li, M., Zheng, W., Ming, P., Li, B., Zhang, C., & Li, Z. (2024). Feasibility of new energy hybrid vehicles that use ammonia as the primary source of energy. Energy Conversion and Management, 317, 118819.
  20. Iwamoto, I., Kurniawan, A., Hasegawa, H., Kashiwaya, Y., Nomura, T., & Akiyama, T. (2022). Reduction Behaviors and Generated Phases of Iron Ores using Ammonia as Reducing Agent. ISIJ International, 62(12), 2483-2490. https://doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.ISIJINT-2022-155
  21. Jamrozik, A., & Tutak, W. (2024). The impact of ammonia and hydrogen additives on the combustion characteristics, performance, stability and emissions of an industrial DF diesel engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 257, 124189.
  22. Jiang, K., Yu, H., Chen, L., Fang, M., Azzi, M., Cottrell, A., & Li, K. (2020). An advanced, ammonia-based combined NOx/SOx/CO2 emission control process towards a low-cost, clean coal technology. Applied Energy, 260, 114316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114316
  23. Kakavand, A., Sayadi, S., Tsatsaronis, G., & Behbahaninia, A. (2023). Techno-economic assessment of green hydrogen and ammonia production from wind and solar energy in Iran. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48(38), 14170-14191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.12.285
  24. Khaksar, S. A. N., Rahimpour, H. R., & Rahimpour, M. R. (2024). Chapter Eleven—Ammonia storage and transportation. İçinde A. Basile & M. R. Rahimpour (Ed.), Progresses in Ammonia: Science, Technology and Membranes (ss. 251-270). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-88516-4.00011-1
  25. Kurien, C., & Mittal, M. (2022). Review on the production and utilization of green ammonia as an alternate fuel in dual-fuel compression ignition engines. Energy Conversion and Management, 251, 114990.
  26. Maxwell, G. R. (Ed.). (2004). Uses of Ammonia. Içinde Synthetic Nitrogen Products: A Practical Guide to the Products and Processes (ss. 199-203). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48639-3_7
  27. Morgan, E., Manwell, J., & McGowan, J. (2014). Wind-powered ammonia fuel production for remote islands: A case study. Renewable Energy, 72, 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.034
  28. Nadimi, E., Przybyła, G., Emberson, D., Løvås, T., Ziółkowski, Ł., & Adamczyk, W. (2022). Effects of using ammonia as a primary fuel on engine performance and emissions in an ammonia/biodiesel dual-fuel CI engine. International Journal of Energy Research, 46(11), 15347-15361. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.8235
  29. Okumuş, F., Kanberoğlu, B., Gonca, G., Kökkülünk, G., Aydın, Z., & Kaya, C. (2024). The effects of ammonia addition on the emission and performance characteristics of a diesel engine with variable compression ratio and injection timing. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 64, 186-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.03.206
  30. Pawar, N. D., Heinrichs, H. U., Winkler, C., Heuser, P.-M., Ryberg, S. D., Robinius, M., & Stolten, D. (2021). Potential of green ammonia production in India. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(54), 27247-27267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.05.203
  31. Pearson, A. (2008). Refrigeration with ammonia. International Journal of Refrigeration, 31(4), 545-551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2007.11.011
  32. Rony, Z. I., Mofijur, M., Hasan, M. M., Rasul, M. G., Jahirul, M. I., Ahmed, S. F.,. & Show, P. L. (2023). Alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from marine transport and promote UN sustainable development goals. Fuel, 338, 127220.
  33. Reiter, A. J., & Kong, S.-C. (2008). Demonstration of Compression-Ignition Engine Combustion Using Ammonia in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Energy & Fuels, 22(5), 2963-2971. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef800140f
  34. Ritchie, H., & Roser, M. (2024). Cars, planes, trains: Where do CO₂ emissions from transport come from? Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-transport
  35. Rivarolo, M., Riveros-Godoy, G., Magistri, L., & Massardo, A. F. (2019). Clean Hydrogen and Ammonia Synthesis in Paraguay from the Itaipu 14 GW Hydroelectric Plant. ChemEngineering, 3(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3040087
  36. Ryu, K., Zacharakis-Jutz, G. E., & Kong, S.-C. (2014). Effects of gaseous ammonia direct injection on performance characteristics of a spark-ignition engine. Applied Energy, 116, 206-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.067
  37. Shamsi, M., Karami, B., Cheraghdar, A., Mousavian, S., Makki, M., & Rooeentan, S. (2024). Evaluation of an environmentally-friendly poly-generation system driven by geothermal energy for green ammonia production. Fuel, 365, 131037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131037
  38. Swotinsky, R. B., & Chase, K. H. (1990). Health effects of exposure to ammonia: Scant information. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 17(4), 515-521. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700170409
  39. Tornatore, C., Marchitto, L., Sabia, P., & De Joannon, M. (2022). Ammonia as Green Fuel in Internal Combustion Engines: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives. Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2022.944201
  40. Valera-Medina, A., Amer-Hatem, F., Azad, A. K., Dedoussi, I. C., De Joannon, M., Fernandes, R. X.,. & Costa, M. (2021). Review on ammonia as a potential fuel: from synthesis to economics. Energy & Fuels, 35(9), 6964-7029.
  41. Wang, Y., & Wright, L. A. (2021). A comparative review of alternative fuels for the maritime sector: Economic, technology, and policy challenges for clean energy implementation. World, 2(4), 456-481.
  42. Wang, B., Wang, H., Hu, D., Yang, C., Duan, B., & Wang, Y. (2023). Study on the performance of premixed natural gas/ammonia engine with diesel ignition. Energy, 271, 127056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.127056
  43. Wang, B., Yang, C., Wang, H., Hu, D., & Wang, Y. (2023). Effect of Diesel-Ignited Ammonia/Hydrogen mixture fuel combustion on engine combustion and emission performance. Fuel, 331, 125865.
  44. Wang, N., Li, T., Guo, X., Wu, Z., Huang, S., Zhou, X., Li, S., & Chen, R. (2024). Laminar burning characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen blends at elevated initial pressures up to 2.5 MPa. Chemical Engineering Journal, 157283.
  45. Wang, X., Bu, H., Chen, H., Liu, J., Chen, Z., & Gao, J. (2024). Numerical investigation of diesel spray combustion characteristics in the ammonia/air atmosphere. Journal of the Energy Institute, 116, 101718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2024.101718
  46. Wang, Y., Zhou, X., & Liu, L. (2021). Theoretical investigation of the combustion performance of ammonia/hydrogen mixtures on a marine diesel engine. International journal of hydrogen energy, 46(27), 14805-14812.
  47. Wei, X., Gao, Y., Zhao, H., Li, Y., & Yang, Q. (2024). Numerical study on laminar burning velocity and ignition delay time of ammonia/methanol mixtures. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 82, 673-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.07.461
  48. Xiao, H., & Li, H. (2022). Experimental and kinetic modeling study of the laminar burning velocity of NH3/DME/air premixed flames. Combustion and Flame, 245, 112372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112372
  49. Xiao, H., Lai, S., Valera‐Medina, A., Li, J., Liu, J., & Fu, H. (2020). Experimental and modeling study on ignition delay of ammonia/methane fuels. International Journal of Energy Research, 44(8), 6939-6949.
  50. Xing, H., Stuart, C., Spence, S., & Chen, H. (2021). Alternative fuel options for low carbon maritime transportation: Pathways to 2050. Journal of Cleaner Production, 297, 126651.
  51. Zeng, W., Sun, W., Guo, L., Zhang, H., Yan, Y., Lin, S., Zhu, G., Jiang, M., & Yu, C. (2024). Optical investigation on effects of diesel injection strategy on ammonia/diesel dual fuel combustion characteristics and flame development. Fuel, 363, 131027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131027
  52. Zhang, H., Wang, L., Van Herle, J., Maréchal, F., & Desideri, U. (2020). Techno-economic comparison of green ammonia production processes. Applied Energy, 259, 114135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114135.
  53. Rony, Z. I., Mofijur, M., Hasan, M. M., Rasul, M. G., Jahirul, M. I., Ahmed, S. F.,. & Show, P. L. (2023). Alternative fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from marine transport and promote UN sustainable development goals. Fuel, 338, 127220.
  54. Valera-Medina, A., Amer-Hatem, F., Azad, A. K., Dedoussi, I. C., De Joannon, M., Fernandes, R. X.,. & Costa, M. (2021). Review on ammonia as a potential fuel: from synthesis to economics. Energy & Fuels, 35(9), 6964-7029.