Dergiler / Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi / 2025 / Sayı: 72

Gerçeği ağlarla yakalamak: Avrupa’nın Türkiye’den balık ithalatı ve Türk denizlerindeki biyoçeşitliliğe etkileri

Netting the truth: Europe’s fish imports from Türkiye and their impact on the Turkish marine fish biodiversity

Sevil Acar(Boğaziçi Üniversitesi)0000-0001-5535-8673
Nathalie Hilmi(Centre Scientifique de Monaco)0000-0002-4656-6953
Sayfa
161–169
Yayın Tarihi
2025-12-31
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

İlgili literatür ve mevcut veriler ışığında elde edilen bulgular, Avrupa talebinin Türkiye’de aşırı avlanmayı teşvik ederek stokların tükenmesine ve deniz biyoçeşitliliğinin azalmasına yol açtığını göstermektedir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Küresel deniz ürünleri talebi ve tüketimindeki artış, deniz ekosistemleri üzerinde giderek artan bir baskı yaratmaktadır.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Bu araştırma, Türkiye’nin Avrupa’ya yaptığı balık ihracatının deniz balıkları biyoçeşitliliği üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:İlgili literatür ve mevcut veriler ışığında elde edilen bulgular, Avrupa talebinin Türkiye’de aşırı avlanmayı teşvik ederek stokların tükenmesine ve deniz biyoçeşitliliğinin azalmasına yol açtığını göstermektedir.
🔬Tür:Laboratuvar & Saha Deneyi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:balık ihracatı · balık ithalatı · deniz biyoçeşitliliği

Özet

Küresel deniz ürünleri talebi ve tüketimindeki artış, deniz ekosistemleri üzerinde giderek artan bir baskı yaratmaktadır. Aşırı avlanma, balık popülasyonlarında önemli düşüşlere ve deniz biyoçeşitliliğinde gözle görülür bir azalmaya neden olmuştur. Kâr maksimizasyonu amacıyla faaliyet gösteren endüstriyel balıkçılık ise deniz kirliliğine ve ekosistem bozulmasına ek olarak katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bu uygulamalar açıkça sürdürülemez olmakla birlikte, küresel deniz ürünleri piyasalarındaki artan tüketim eğilimlerini de yansıtmaktadır. Özellikle Avrupa, Türkiye gibi ülkelerden balık ve deniz ürünleri ithal eden başlıca bölgelerden biridir ve bu durum yerel ekosistemler üzerindeki av baskısını artırmaktadır. Türkiye, balıkçılık sektöründeki sürdürülemez uygulamaları nedeniyle eleştirilmeye devam ederken, özellikle Avrupa’nın Türk balık ürünlerine yönelik artan talebi dikkate alındığında, konunun daha geniş ve bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ele alınması gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma, Türkiye’nin Avrupa’ya yaptığı balık ihracatının deniz balıkları biyoçeşitliliği üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektedir. İlk olarak, Avrupa ithalatının Türk balıkçılık sektörü açısından ekonomik ve ekolojik önemi değerlendirilmektedir. Ardından, mevcut balıkçılık uygulamaları ve bunların etkileri—özellikle aşırı avlanma, kirlilik ve habitat bozulması—analiz edilmektedir. Son olarak, Türkiye’nin deniz biyoçeşitliliğindeki değişimler; yabancı balık türlerinin sayısındaki farklılıklar, av miktarındaki dalgalanmalar ve göç desenlerindeki değişimler üzerinden değerlendirilmektedir. İlgili literatür ve mevcut veriler ışığında elde edilen bulgular, Avrupa talebinin Türkiye’de aşırı avlanmayı teşvik ederek stokların tükenmesine ve deniz biyoçeşitliliğinin azalmasına yol açtığını göstermektedir.

Abstract

Marine ecosystems face increasing pressure from overexploitation as a result of the continuing rise in global seafood demand and consumption. Overfishing has consequently caused significant declines in fish populations and a measurable reduction in marine biodiversity. Industrial fisheries, often driven by the pursuit of maximum economic gain, further contribute to marine pollution and ecosystem degradation. Although such practices are clearly unsustainable, they also reflect the growing expectations and consumption patterns of global seafood markets. Europe, in particular, remains one of the main importers of fish and seafood products from countries like Türkiye, reinforcing fishing pressures on local ecosystems. As Türkiye continues to face criticism for unsustainable practices within its fishing sector, it is essential to approach this issue from a broader and more integrated perspective, particularly in light of Europe’s rising demand for Turkish fish products. This research therefore investigates how Türkiye’s fish exports to Europe influence changes in its marine fish biodiversity. First, the significance of European imports for the Turkish fishing industry is examined in economic and ecological terms. Then, current fishing practices and their impacts—especially overfishing, pollution, and habitat degradation—are analyzed in detail. Finally, changes in Türkiye’s marine biodiversity are assessed through analyses of alien fish species numbers, variations in fish catch, and alterations in migration patterns. Based on a review of relevant literature and available data, the findings suggest that Europe’s demand contributes to overfishing in Türkiye, leading to resource depletion and a continuing decline in marine biodiversity.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Os, M. V., Acar, S., Hilmi, N. (2025). Gerçeği ağlarla yakalamak: Avrupa’nın Türkiye’den balık ithalatı ve Türk denizlerindeki biyoçeşitliliğe etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Sayı: 72, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.1709960

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