KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Anadolu Araştırmaları / 2025 / Issue: 33

Late Antique Amphorae from the Olba Excavation Site

Safiye Aydın(DUZCE UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-7203-5673
Muzaffer Yılmaz(MERSIN UNIVERSITY)0009-0002-1034-044X
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2026-03-13
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

By examining these artifacts, the study seeks to shed light on these amphorae in the setting of a mountain settlement and contribute to the commercial amphora repertory of the region of Cilicia.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Olba was a city founded on the elevated terrain of eastern Rough Cilicia.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:A site of human settlement since early times, it served as an acropolis during the Hellenistic period, being located approximately 950 m above sea level.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:By examining these artifacts, the study seeks to shed light on these amphorae in the setting of a mountain settlement and contribute to the commercial amphora repertory of the region of Cilicia.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:2010–2019 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:Olba · Cilicia · Late Antiquity

Abstract

Olba was a city founded on the elevated terrain of eastern Rough Cilicia. A site of human settlement since early times, it served as an acropolis during the Hellenistic period, being located approximately 950 m above sea level. As the process of Romanization unfolded, the architectural landscape of Olba underwent a significant transformation, and expanded into the valleys and plains at the foot of the acropolis, evolving into a settlement characterized by residential structures developed around agricultural lands and terraces. With the rise of Christianity, Olba entered a new phase and emerged as a religious center during Late Antiquity. Among the archaeological evidence illuminating the Late Antique period of this inland/mountain center, ceramic finds hold particular significance. The African (ARS), Cypriot (CRS), and Phocaean (PRS) Late Roman Red Slip wares, which were widely distributed across the Mediter7 ranean basin during this period, were found in Olba from the 5th to the 7th centuries AD. Within these centuries, various amphorae (LRA 4, LRA 5/6, D Snp I7III, and LRA 1) also made their way to the city. This study aims to classify and date the amphorae uncovered during the 2010–2019 excavations in Olba’s theater and monastic structures. The amphorae analyzed here will be dated by their typological features and parallel examples. By examining these artifacts, the study seeks to shed light on these amphorae in the setting of a mountain settlement and contribute to the commercial amphora repertory of the region of Cilicia.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Aydın, S., Yılmaz, M. (2026). Late Antique Amphorae from the Olba Excavation Site. Anadolu Araştırmaları, Issue: 33. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.33.1647685

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (61)

  1. Adak-Adıbelli, I. & Alkaç, E. (2024). Understanding the significance of Late Antique wine and olive oil trade-routes for Tarsus: In the light of the amphorae of the Roman bath and the olive market. In Ü. Aydınoğlu & A. K. Şenol (Eds.) Olive Oil and Wine Production in Aegean and Mediterraneean in Antiquity (pp. 369-385). Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları. google scholar
  2. Alkaç, E. (2012). Korykos (Kilikia) yüzey araştırmalarında bulunan LR1 amphoraları. Olba, XX, 323-344. google scholar
  3. Alkaç, E. (2013). Silifke Müzesi’nden doğu Akdeniz üretimi amphoralar. Cedrus, 1, 107-124. google scholar
  4. Alkaç, E. (2017). Olba Kazısı’nda ele geçen Hellenistik Dönem’e ait bir sepet kulplu amphora parçası. Seleucia ad Calycadnum, VII, 113-128. google scholar
  5. Alkaç, E. (2024). Trade relations of Tarsus in the light of amphora finds: From Roman Imperial period to Late Antiquity. Seleucia, XIV, 149-165.google scholar
  6. Alkaç, E. (2025). Aegean and west Anatolian amphorae from Tarsus, Zeytin Pazarı: Roman Imperial and Late Antique periods, Oannes, 7(1), 64-74.google scholar
  7. Autret, C.,Yağcı, R. & Rauh, N. K. (2010). Soli/Pompeiopolis’te LRA 1 amphora fırın alanı. Anadolu Ahdenizi Arkeoloji Haberleri, 8, 203-207. google scholar
  8. Aydın, S. (2019). Olba Geç Roma Dönemi seramik buluntuları. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye.google scholar
  9. Aydın, S. (2023). Some observations on Late Roman pottery from Olba in Cilicia, Turkey. In V. Caminneci, E. Giannitrapani, M. C. Parello & M. S. Rizzo (Eds.) Late Roman Coarse Wares, Coohing Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean: Archaeology and Archaeometry (LRCW 6), Land and Sea: Pottery Route (pp. 707-719). Roman and Late Antique Mediterranean Pottery 19. google scholar
  10. Aydın, S. (2024). Seramik verileri ışığında Geç Antik Çağ’da Kilikia üzerine gözlemler. In S. Durugönül, D. Kaplan & U. Tepebaş (Eds.) Kilihia Arheolojisi: Yeni Buluntular ve Yorumlar (pp. 355-379). Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları. google scholar
  11. Bes, P. (2021). Late Roman Pontic amphorae found in Limyra (Turkey) and Horvat Kur (Israel): Typology, provenance, context. In E. Sökmen & A. Schachner (Eds.) Understanding Transformations: Exploring The Blach Sea Region and Northern Central Anatolia in Antiquity, BYZAS 26 (pp. 495-535). Ege Yayınları. google scholar
  12. Bes, P., Diamanti, C. & Dolea A. (2023). A rare stamp in the collection. A Late Roman Amphora 1 stamp found in Limyra (Lycia, Turkey). Rei Cretariae Romane Fautorum, 47, 133-140. google scholar
  13. Bezeczky, T. (2013). The amphorae of Roman Ephesus, Forschungen in Ephesos XV/1. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. google scholar
  14. Burragato, F.-di Nezza, M.-Ferrazzoli, A. F. & Ricci, M. (2007). Late Roman 1 amphora types produced at Elaiussa Sebaste. In M. Bonifay & J. C. Treglia (Eds.) Late Roman Coarse Wares, Cooking Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean, Archaeology and Archaeometry, (LRCW 2) (pp. 689-700). BAR International Series 1662. google scholar
  15. Cankardeş Şenol, G. (2006). Klasih ve Hellenistih Dönemde mühürlü amphora üreten merhezler ve mühürleme sistemleri. Ege Yayınları.google scholar
  16. Demesticha, S. (2003). Amphora production on Cyprus during the Late Roman period. In Ch. Bakirtzis (Ed.) Actes du VIIe Congres international sur la ceramique medievale en Mediterranee, Thessalonihi, (pp. 469-476). De la caisse des recettes archeologiques. google scholar
  17. Diamanti, C. (2010). Stamped Late Roman/Poto-Byzantine amphoras from Halasarna of Kos. Rei Cretariae Romanae Fautorum Acta, 41, 1-8. google scholar
  18. Diamanti, C. (2016). The Late Roman Amphora workshops of Paros island in the Aegean sea. Rei Cretariae Romanae Fautorum Acta, 44, 691-697.google scholar
  19. Diamanti, C. (2024). Late Antique stamped amphora as evidence for Imperial policy. Archaeopress Archaeology. google scholar
  20. Dixneuf, D. (2011). Amphores Egyptiennes: Production, Typologie, Vontenu et Diffusion (İlle siecle avant J.-C.-IXe siecle apresJ.-C.) (Etudes Alexandrines 22). Institut Geographique National. google scholar
  21. Durukan, M. (2015). Geç Antik Çağ’da Doğu Akdeniz’deki ekonomik gelişmenin nedenleri: İpek Yolu ve Baharat Yolu’nun rolü, LR1 amphoraları ve Kilikia’daki diğer kanıtlar. Adalya, XVlll, 241-257. google scholar
  22. Empereur, J. Y. & Picon, M. (1989). Les regions de production d’amphores imperiales en Mediterranee orientale. Amphores romanies et histoire economique. Dix ans de recherche (pp. 223-248). Publications de l’Ecole française de Rome. google scholar
  23. Erten, E. (2009). Olba’da Romalılaşma süreci. In Y. Özdemir (Ed.) Mersin Sempozyumu 19-22 Kasım 2008, Bildiriler (pp. 76-85). Mersin Valiliği ve Güven Ofset. google scholar
  24. Erten, E. (2014). Arkeolojik veriler ve tarihsel olaylar ışığında Olba’da yerleşimin son bulması. Seleucia ad Calycadnum, 4, 57-72. google scholar
  25. Erten, E. (2021). Kazı verileri ışığında Olba’nın erken yerleşim tarihi. Seleucia, Xl, 33-48. google scholar
  26. Ferrazzolli, A. F. & Ricci, M. (2009). Cilician ceramic production from Roman to Byzantine age. Olba, XVll, 33-44. google scholar
  27. Garlan, Y. & Kassab Tezgör, D. (1996). Prospection d’ateliers et de ceramiques de Sinope. Anatolia Antiqua, 4, 325-334. google scholar
  28. Jacobsen, K.W. (2004). Regional distribution of transport amphorae in Cyprus in the Late Roman period. In J. Eiring, & J. Lund (Eds.) Transport Amphorae and Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean. Acts of the lnternational Colloqium at the Danish lnstitute at Athens (pp. 143-148). Athens Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens. google scholar
  29. Kassab Tezgör, D. (1996). Fouilles des ateliers d’amphores â Demirci pres de Sinope en 1994 et 1995. Anatolia Antigua, 4, 335-354. google scholar
  30. Kassab Tezgör, D. (2010). Les fouilles et le materiel de l'atelier amphorigue de Demirci pres de Sinope. Institut Francais d'Etudes Anatoliennes Georges Dumezil Istanbul. google scholar
  31. Kassab Tezgör, D. (2011). Types amphoriques romains tardifs produits simultanement â Demirci pres de Sinope et dans d’autres centres. In C. Tzochev, T. Stoyanov & A. Bozkova (Eds.) PATABS ll, Production and Trade ofAmphorae in the Blach Sea (pp. 200-264). Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. google scholar
  32. Kassab Tezgör, D. (2020). Corpus des amphores romaines produites dans les centres de mer Noire: Collections des musees de la cote turgue de la mer Noire (Ereğli, Amasra, Sinop, Samsun, Giresun, Ordu, Trabzon et Amasya). Archaeopress. google scholar
  33. Kara, Ü. (2019). Geç Antih Çağ’da (M.S. 4.-7.Yüzyıl) Doğu Ahdeniz’de Üretilen Ticari Amphoralarda Dipinti, Graffiti ve Mühür Kullanımı. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye. google scholar
  34. Kara, Ü. (2021). Constantinopolis’in hinterlandının Geç Antik Dönem ticaretine bir bakış. TÜBA - AR, 29, 73-93. google scholar
  35. Keleş, V., Alkaç, E. & Akkaş, İ. (2021). Parion’dan amphora ve lagynos mühürleri, graffito ve dipinto yazıtlar. Ege Yayınları. google scholar
  36. Kızılarslanoğlu, H. A. (2016). Antik Çağ’da Elaiussa Sebaste’nin amphora üretimi ve ticari ilişkileri. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye. google scholar
  37. Kızılarslanoğlu, H. A. (2022). Elaiussa Sebaste amphoraları ışığında Geç Antik Dönemde Karadeniz Bölgesi ve Kilikia ilişkileri. Olba, 30, 159-180.google scholar
  38. Kızılarslanoğlu, H. A. (2023). Antiochia ad Cragum, pinched handle/Zemer 41/Agora M239 amphora üretimi: Tipolojik özellikleri ve varyasyonları. In M. Bulut (Ed.) Sosyal Bilimlerde Tartışmalar 14 (pp. 1674-1705). Bigde Yayınları.google scholar
  39. Klenina, E. (2010). Trade relations between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea region in the 3rd-6th centuries A.D. in the light of ceramic artifacts. In S. Menchelli, S. Santoro, M. Pasquinucci & G. Guiducci (Eds.) Late Roman Coarse Wares, Cooking Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean, Archaeology and Archaeometry (LRCW 3), Comparison between western and eastern Mediterranean (pp. 1005-1014). BAR International Series 2185 (II). google scholar
  40. Komar, P. (2016). Wines from Cyprus and Cilicia in Antiquity: Taste and trade. Electrum, 23, 155-185. google scholar
  41. Majcherek, G. (1995). Gazan amphorae: Typology reconsidered. İn H. Meyza & Y. Mtynarczyk (Eds.) Hellenistic and Roman pottery in the Eastern Mediterranean: Advances in scientific studies, Acts of the II Nieborow Pottery Workshop (pp. 163-178). Polish Academy of Sciences. google scholar
  42. Manning, S. W., Monks, S. J., Sewell, D. A. & Demesticha, S. (2000). Late Roman Type 1a Amphora Production at the Late Roman site of Zygi-Petrini, Cyprus. Report of the department of antiquities Cyprus, 233-256.google scholar
  43. Marchand, J., Le Bomin, J. & Reynolds, P. (2022). Proto-LRA 1 amphorae from Taposiris Magna (Egypt): A typological and petrological study. Bulletin de liaison de la Ceramique Egyptienne, 31, 87-120. google scholar
  44. Michaelides, D. (1996). The economy of Cyprus during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. İn V. Karageorghis & D. Michaelides (Eds.) The development of the Cypriot economy: From the Prehistoric period to the present day (pp. 139-152). University of Cyprus and Bank of Cyprus. google scholar
  45. Opait, A. (2004). The Eastern Mediterranean Amphorae in the Province of Scythia. İn J. Eiring & J. Lund, (Eds.) Transport Amphorae and Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean. Acts of the International Colloqium at the Danish Institute at Athens (pp. 293-308). Athens Monographs of the Danish İnstitute at Athens. google scholar
  46. Özyıldırım, M. & Alkaç, E. (2015). Olba kazısında ele geçen Rhodos amphora mühürleri. Seleucia ad Calycadnum, 5, 141-152. google scholar
  47. Pieri, D. (2005). Le commerce du vin oriental â l'epoque byzantine (Ve-Vlle siecles). Le temoignage des amphores de Gaule. IFPO publication. google scholar
  48. Pieri, D. (2007a). Les centres de production d’amphores en mediterranee orientale durant l’antiquite tardive: quelques remarques. İn Bonifay, M. & Treglia, J. C. (Eds.) Late Roman Coarse Wares, Cooking, Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean, Archaeology and Archaeometry. (LRCW 2) (pp. 611-625). BAR International Series 1662. google scholar
  49. Pieri, D. (2007b). Beryte dans le grand commerce Mediterraneen. Production et importation d’amphores dans le Levant protobyzantin (Ve-VIIe s. apr. J.-C.). İn M. Sartre (Ed.) Productions et echanges dans la Syrie greco-romaine. Actes du 2e colloque international sur la Syrie antique (pp. 297-327). Maison de l’Orient mediterraneen. google scholar
  50. Regev, D. (2004). The Phoenician transport amphora. In Eiring, J. & Lund, J. (Eds.) Transport Amphorae and Trade in the Eastern Mediter-ranean, Acts of the International Colloqium at the Danish Institute at Athens (pp. 337-352). Athens Monographs of the Danish Institute at Athens. google scholar
  51. Reynolds, P. (2010). Hispania and the Roman Mediterranean, AD 100-700: Ceramics and Trade. Bristol Classical Press. google scholar
  52. Reynolds, P. (2021). The oil supply in the Roman east: Identifying modes of production, containers and contents in the eastern empire. In D. Bernal-Casasola, M. Bonifay, A. Pecci & V. Leitch, (Eds.) Roman Amphora Contentes Reflecting on the Maritime Trade of Foodstuffs in Antiquity (pp. 307-354). Roman and Late Antique Mediterrranean Pottery 17, Archaeopress. google scholar
  53. Sazanov, A. (2017). Les amphores LR 4 problemes de typologie et de chronologie. In D. Dixneuf (Ed.) Late Roman Coarse Wares, Cooking, Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean, Archaeology and Archaeometry (LRCW5) (pp. 629-660). Centre d’Etudes Alexandrines. google scholar
  54. Sezgin, Y., Şenol, A. K. & Cankardeş Şenol, G. (2022). İzmir Arkeoloji Müzesi Ticari Amphoraları. Ege Yayınları. google scholar
  55. Şenol, A. K. (2000). İskenderiye kazılarında ele geçen amphoralar ışığında kentin Roma Dönemi şarap, zeytinyağı, salamura balık ve sos ticareti. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye. google scholar
  56. Şenol, A. K. (2009). AETAM’da Bulunan Ticari Amphoralar ve Akdeniz’de Ticaretin İzleri. Mersin. google scholar
  57. Şenol, A. K. (2018). Commercial amphorae in the Graeco-Roman Museum of Alexandria. Centre d'Etudes Alexandrines. google scholar
  58. Şenol, A. K. & Alkaç, E. (2017). A rediscovery of a LR 1 workshop in Cilicia and the existence of LR 1 in Alexandria due to the new evidence. In D. Dixneuf (Ed.) Late Roman Coarse Wares, Cooking Wares and Amphorae in the Mediterranean, Archaeology and Archaeometry (LRCW 5) (pp. 831-843). Centre d’Etudes Alexandrines. google scholar
  59. Tekocak, M. & Zoroğlu, L. (2013). Kelenderis’te bulunan bir grup Roma Dönemi ticari amphorası ve düşündürdükleri. Olba, 21, 109-140. google scholar
  60. Tomber, R. (2009). Beyond western India: The evidence from imported amphorae. In R. Tomber, L. Blue & S. Abraham (Eds.) Migration, Trade and Peoples. part 1: Indian ocean commerce and the archaeology of western India (pp. 42-57). The British Academy. google scholar
  61. Kassab Tezgör, D. (2020). Corpus des amphores romaines produites dans les centres de mer Noire: Collections des musees de la cote turgue de la mer Noire (Ereğli, Amasra, Sinop, Samsun, Giresun, Ordu, Trabzon et Amasya). Archaeopress. google scholar