KaydedilenlerDerginizi ekleyin

Dergiler / Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences / 2026 / Volume: 27 Issue: 2

Molecular characterization and bioremediation potential of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated automotive workshop soils in Abuja, Nigeria

Ijeoma Chinyere Onuorah(Department of Biotechnology, Nigerian Defence Academy)0009-0000-9662-5838
Mohammed Sani Abdulsalami(Department of Biotechnology, Nigerian Defence Academy)0009-0006-7350-2871
Philip Anthony Vantsawa(Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Nigerian Defence Academy)0009-0002-3073-5449
Chinecherem Victory Promise(Department of Biotechnology, Nigerian Defence Academy)0009-0002-4471-4948
Ugochukwu Ozojiofor(Department of Biotechnology, Nigerian Defence Academy)0000-0001-7829-1045
Sayfa
—
Yayın Tarihi
2026-10-15
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

However, further studies employing direct analytical techniques are recommended to confirm the extent of hydrocarbon degradation.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Background: Petroleum products are major organic pollutants due to their extensive global use, resulting in widespread hydrocarbon contamination.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:Methods: Bacteria were isolated on nutrient agar and screened for hydrocarbon-degrading ability using modified Bushnell-Haas agar supplemented with 1% spent engine oil.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:However, further studies employing direct analytical techniques are recommended to confirm the extent of hydrocarbon degradation.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Turbidometric · Pseudomonas aeruginosa · spent engine oil

Abstract

Background: Petroleum products are major organic pollutants due to their extensive global use, resulting in widespread hydrocarbon contamination. Aims: This study investigated hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from oil-polluted soils of Apo Mechanic Village, Abuja, and evaluated their biodegradation potential. Soil samples were collected from five mechanic workshops and a control site, with physicochemical properties and heavy metal concentrations analyzed. Methods: Bacteria were isolated on nutrient agar and screened for hydrocarbon-degrading ability using modified Bushnell-Haas agar supplemented with 1% spent engine oil. The isolates were characterized by Gram staining and biochemical tests (catalase, oxidase, citrate utilization, methyl red, and triple sugar iron), followed by molecular identification through PCR amplification and 16S rRNA sequencing. Biodegradation potential was assessed indirectly using turbidometric analysis. Results: Results showed that contaminated soils had pH values of 6.3–7.1, temperatures of 32–36 °C, moisture 2.7–3.7%, and organic matter levels of 6.6–7.9%, compared with the control (pH 7.2, temperature 42 °C, moisture 8.3%, organic matter 1.4%). Heavy metal concentrations (Cd, Ni, Fe, Pb, and Cr) were significantly elevated in contaminated soils. Molecular analysis identified three isolates: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G2a), Enterobacter asburiae (A1b), and Proteus mirabilis (A2b). Turbidity measurements indicated active utilization of spent engine oil, with P. aeruginosa and mixed consortia showing the fastest growth by day 3, whereas E. asburiae and P. mirabilis reached peak growth by day 6. The optimum degradation pH was determined to be 6.9. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that bacteria from mechanic workshop soils can utilize spent engine oil as their sole carbon and energy source, highlighting their potential as effective agents for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted environments. Although biodegradation was assessed indirectly through turbidometric measurements, the results provide evidence of hydrocarbon utilization based on bacterial growth. However, further studies employing direct analytical techniques are recommended to confirm the extent of hydrocarbon degradation.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Onuorah, I. C., Abdulsalami, M. S., Vantsawa, P. A., Promise, C. V., Ozojiofor, U. (2026). Molecular characterization and bioremediation potential of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated automotive workshop soils in Abuja, Nigeria. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, Volume: 27 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.2000053

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (65)

  1. Adeyinka, E. A., Hikmat, O. S., & Abdullahi, T. A. (2020). Bioremediation of Spent Engine Oil on Selected Contaminated Soils within Ilorin Metropolis. Advanced Journal of Graduate Research, 8(1), 91–104.
  2. Ahmad, M., Usman, M., & Al-Faraj, A. S. (2021) Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils: recent advances and future prospects. Environmental Science Pollution Resource, 28, 29832–29847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-12210-0
  3. Ahmed, S., Khan, M. A., & Ali, R. (2021). Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated environments: Advances and perspectives on indigenous bacterial approaches. Journal of Environmental Management, 285, 112–123.
  4. Ajiboye, E., Sulayman, H., & Ajao, A. (2020). Bioremediation of Spent Engine Oil on Selected Contaminated Soils within Ilorin Metropolis. Advanced Journal of Graduate Research, 8(1), 91–104.
  5. Ajiboye, T. O., Kuvarega, A. T., & Onwudiwe, D. C. (2020). Recent strategies for environmental remediation of organochlorine pesticides. Applied Sciences, 10(8): 6286. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186286.
  6. Akpoveta, O. V., Egharevba, F., Medjor, O. W., Osaro, K. I., & Enyemike, E. D. (2011). Microbial degradation and its kinetics on crude oil polluted soil. Resource Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(6); 8–14.
  7. Ali, N., Khanafer, M., & Al-Awadhi, H. (2022). Indigenous oil-degrading bacteria more efficient in soil bioremediation than microbial consortium and active even in super oil-saturated soils. Frontiers in microbiology, 13, 950051. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.950051
  8. Aneja, K. R. (2003). Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology. New Age International (P) Limited, publishers. New Delhi, India.
  9. Antizar-Ladislao, B. (2010). Bioremediation: Working with Bacteria. Elements, 6(6): 389–394. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.6.6.389
  10. Armioni, M., Rațiu, S., Benea, M. & Puţan, V. (2024). Overview on the environmental impact of used engine oil. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2927. 012007. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2927/1/012007
  11. Arora, P. K., Bae, H., Singh, N., & Kumar, M. (2021). Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated sites: a review of plants, microbial consortia, and metabolites involved in degradation. Frontiers in microbiology, 12, 630013.
  12. Azimi, S., Moghaddam, S. S., & Moghaddam, M. R. (2018). Assessing the Effect of Soil Contamination on the Health of Ecosystems: A Review. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 40(1), 313–338.
  13. Azubuike, C.C., Chikere, C.B., & Okpokwasili, G.C. (2020). Bioremediation: An Eco-friendly Sustainable Technology for Environmental Management. In: Saxena, G., Bharagava, R. (eds) Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for Environmental Safety. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1891-7_2
  14. Bada, B. S., Tsobaza, I. E., Toyin, A. A., & Tolulope, M. O. (2019). Degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon in petroleum products contaminated soil using pig dung, West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 27(2), 1–15.
  15. Bahuguna, A., Lily M. K., Munjal A., Singh R. N., & Dangwal, K. (2012). A study of the physicochemical analysis of automobile contaminated soil of Uttarakhand, India. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2(2), 1–17.
  16. Das, N., & Chandran, P. (2010). Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminants: An Overview. Biotechnology Research International, 1–13.
  17. Derikvand, P., Sauter, B., Keddie, A., & Stein, L. Y. (2024). Inoculum and pH effects on ammonium removal and microbial community dynamics in aquaponics systems. iScience, 27(3), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.109073
  18. Dilmi, F., Abdelwaheb, C., & Khadidja, S. R. (2017). Isolation and molecular identification of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from oil-contaminated soil. International Journal of Biosciences, 11(4), 272–283.
  19. Duniya, D. A., Maikaje, D. B., Umar, Y. A., Ponchang, A. W., & Daniel, A. (2016). Molecular Characterization and Determination of Bioremediation Potentials of Some Bacteria Isolated from Spent Oil Contaminated Soil Mechanic Workshops in Kaduna Metropolis. World Applied Sciences Journal, 34(6), 750–759.
  20. Ebakota, O.D., Osarueme, J.O., Gift, O.N., Odoligie, I., & Joseph, O. O. (2017). Isolation and Characterization of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria in Top and Subsoil of Selected Mechanic Workshops in Benin City Metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 21(4), 641–645.
  21. Echiegu, E. A., Amadi, A. S., Ugwuishiwu, B. O., & Nwoke, O. A. (2022). Effect of spent engine oil contamination on the soil properties in selected automobile mechanic villages in Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria. Environmental Quality Management, 31(3), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.21770.
  22. Ekanem, J. O., & Ogunjobi, A. A. (2017). Hydrocarbon degradation potentials of Bacteria Isolated from spent lubricating oil contaminated soil. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 21(5), 973–979.
  23. Ekpa, E., Adaji, A. U., Udofa, D. I., & Opaluwa, U. Q. (2016). Bioremediation of Heavy Metals Present in Spent Engine Oil Contaminated Soil of Auto-Mechanic Workshops using a Mixed Microbial Consortium. Journal of Global Ecology and Environment, 4(1), 38–42.
  24. Ezeador, C., Ejikeugwu, C., Ushie, S., & Agbakoba, N. R. (2020). Isolation, Identification and Prevalence Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates From Clinical And Environmental Sources In Onitsha Metropolis, Anambra State. European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences. 2. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2020.2.2.188
  25. Fatiha, D., Abdelwahed, C., & Khadidja, S. R. (2017). Isolation and Molecular Identification of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria from oil-contaminated soil. International Journal of Bioscience, ISSN: 2220-6655, 11(4), 272–278.
  26. Fawole, M. O., & Ọsọ, B. A. (2007). Laboratory Manual of Microbiology, 5th Edition, Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited, 15–35.
  27. Ganesan, M., Mani, R., Sai, S., Kasivelu, G., Awasthi, M. K., Rajagopal, R., Nur, I. A. W., Selvi, P. K., Chang, S. W., & Ravindran B. (2022). Bioremediation by oil degrading marine bacteria: An overview of supplements and pathways in key processes. Chemosphere, 303, 134956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134956
  28. Holt, J. G., Krieg, N. R., Sneath, P. H. A., Stanley, J. T., & Williams, S. T. (1994). Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
  29. Hossain, M. F., Akter, M. A., Sohan, M. S.R., Sultana, D. N., Reza, M. A., & Hoque, K. M. F. (2022). Bioremediation potential of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria: isolation, characterization, and assessment. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 29(1), 211–216.
  30. Hucker, G. J., & Conn, H. J. (1923). Methods of Gram staining. Technical Bulletin, 93, 3-37
  31. Husnain, A., Hussain, I., Ijaz, A., Zafar, A., Ch, B., Zafar, H., Sohail, M., Niazi, H., Touseef, M., Khan, A., Tariq, M., Yousaf, H., & Usama, M. (2021). Influence of Soil Ph and Microbes on Mineral Solubility and Plant Nutrition: A Review Author's Details. International Journal of Agriculture and Biological Science.
  32. Inobeme, A. (2021). Effect of Heavy Metals on Activities of Soil Microorganism, Microbial Rejuvenation of Polluted Environment. Microorganisms for Sustainability, 27, Springer, Singapore
  33. Ji, W., Ding, G., & Liu, T. (2017). Influence of Soil Composition and Moisture on Soil Temperature under Different Land Uses in a Mollisol Area. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 17(3), 841–852.
  34. Jieting, W., Ruofan, Z., Lei, Z., Qi, X., Jin, L., & Fang, M. (2023). Sorption of petroleum hydrocarbons before Trans membrane transport and the structure, mechanisms and functional regulation of microbial membrane transport systems. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 441, 129963
  35. Jyothi, K., Surendra K. B., Nancy C. K., & Kashyap, A. (2012). Identification and Isolation of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria by Molecular Characterization. Helix, 2, 105–111.
  36. Khalid, F. E., Lim, Z. S., Sabri, S., Gomez-Fuentes, C., Zulkharnain, A., & Ahmad, S. A. (2021). Bioremediation of diesel contaminated marine water by bacteria: A review and bibliometric analysis. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9(2), 155.
  37. Kinuthia, G. K., Dunstone B., Reuben, L., Agnes, W., & Luna, K. (2020). Levels of heavy metals in wastewater and soil samples from open drainage channels in Nairobi, Kenya: community health implication. Scientific Reports/Nature research, 10, 8434.
  38. Mohanty, M., Mukherji, S., & Lal, B. (2017). Assessment of microbial diversity in oil-contaminated soil: A combined approach using fluorescence in situ hybridization, clone library analysis and community-level physiological profiling. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 189(5), 209–220.
  39. Muhammad, A., & Adamu, F. A. (2022). Biodegradation of Used Engine Oil by Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from an Automobile Workshop's Soil. Journal of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology, 10(2), 59–62. https://doi.org/10.54987/jemat.v10i2.774
  40. Nirmal Kumar, J. I., Soni, H. B., & Bhatt, I. (2008). Macrophytes in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Water and Sediments in Parieyej Community Reserve, Gujarat, India. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 9, 193–200.
  41. Nwadiogbu, J. O., Ikelle, I. I., Onwuka, J. C., Ikeh, O, A., Nwankwo, N, V., & Anarado, I, L. (2024). Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Soil Contaminated by Petroleum Hydrocarbons at Ebudu, Rivers State, Nigeria. Greener Journal of Environmental Management and Public Safety, 12(1), 10–15.
  42. Nwagwu, E. C., Yilwa, V. M., Egbe, N. E., & Onwumere, G. B. (2020). Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbons- Degrading Bacteria from Panteka Stream, Kaduna, Nigeria, and Assessment of their Potential for Bioremediation. Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology, 37(2), 84–94.
  43. Nwankwegu, A. S., Orji, M. U., & Onwosi, C. O. (2016). Studies on organic and in-organic biostimulants in bioremediation of diesel contaminated arable soil. Chemosphere, 162, 148–156.
  44. Nwankwo, C. A., & Okonkwo, J. C. (2022). Environmental implications of oil exploration in Northern Nigeria: Lessons from the Niger Delta experience. Journal of Environmental Studies, 15(3), 45–5.
  45. Ojukwu, U., & Eboatu, A. (2022). Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Soils Contaminated with Petroleum from Eleme Port Harcourt, Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering Research & Science (IJOER), 8, 7–11.
  46. Oleg, S. S., Andrey, S. G., Valentina, A. K., Yuliya, Yu. P., Ruslan, Ya. B., Aleksandr, E. Y., & Aleksandr, A. S. (2024). Effect of Oil Contamination on Range of Soil Types in Middle Taiga of Western Siberia. Sustainability, 16(24), 11204.
  47. Olukunle, O. F. (2013). Characterization of indigenous microorganisms associated with crude oil-polluted soils and water using traditional techniques. Microbiology Journal, 3(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3923/mj.2013.1.11
  48. Onuoha, S. C. (2013). Stimulated Biodegradation of Spent Lubricating Motor oil in Soil Amended with Animal droppings. Journal of Natural Science Research, 3(12), 2224–3186.
  49. Osuji, M. I., Ogbulie, J. N., Nweke, C. O., Nwanyanwu, C. E., & Ndiukwu, P. C. (2023). Isolation and identification of bacteria from engine oil polluted soil from mechanic workshops in Okija Town. Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation, 11(5), 138–141. https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2023.11.00401.
  50. Ramzi, H. A., Mamdoh, T. J., Arulazhagan, P., Mamdouh, A., & Saba, B. (2022). Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation and Treatment of Automobile Service Station Wastewater by Halophilic Consortia under Saline Conditions. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 21(4), 1629–1637.
  51. Ringim, M. S., G., Ahmad M., & Shiaka, G. P. (2020). Isolation and Molecular Identification of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacteria from Contaminated Soil in Mechanic Village Dutse, Jigawa State. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 5(1), 28–33.
  52. Sajjadian, S. M., Saberian, M., & Nourbakhsh, F. (2019). A review of soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons: environmental, health risk, and remediation approaches. Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 17(2), 647–662.
  53. Salam, L. B. (2016). Metabolism of waste engine oil by Pseudomonas species. 3 Biotechnology, 6(1), 98-111.
  54. Salman, R. D., Al-Shabaki, H. M. A., Mohammed, a. N., Mohammed, W., Merzah A. &Wanas, Z. H. (2025). The effectiveness of Bioremediation Using Indigenous Bacteria for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soil. American Journal of Biology and Natural Sciences, 2(8), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.51699/ajbns.v2i8.1338.
  55. Shahaby, A. F., Alharthi, A. A., & Taras, A. E. (2015). Bioremediation of petroleum oil by potential biosurfactant-producing bacteria using gravimetric assay. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 4(5), 390-403.
  56. Singh, A., & Lin, J. (2015). Isolation and characterization of crude-oil degrading bacteria from oil contaminated soils of Prince William sound, Alaska. Frontiers in microbiology, 6, 1259–1272.
  57. Suryakanta, (2015). "How to determine organic matter content in soil," CivilBlog.org.
  58. Tavares, T. D., Antunes, J. C., Padrão, J., Ribeiro, A. I., Zille, A., Amorim, M. T. P., Ferreira, F., & Felgueiras, H. P. (2020). Activity of Specialized Biomolecules against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria. Antibiotics, 9(6), 314. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9060314
  59. Ugoh, S.C., & Moneke, L.U (2011). Isolation of Bacteria from Engine Oil Contaminated Soils in Auto Mechanic Workshop in Gwagwalada, Abuja, FCT-Nigeria. Academia Arena, 3(5), 28–33.
  60. Umeaku, C. (2019). Biodegradation of Crude Oil-Polluted Soil by Bacterial Isolates from Nigeria. Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology, 5, 14–25.
  61. Vidali, M. (2010). Bioremediation; An overview. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 73(7), 1163–1172.
  62. Wang, R., Wu, B., Zheng, J., Chen, H., Rao, P., Yan, L., & Chai, F. (2020). Biodegradation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Soil: Isolation and Characterization of Bacterial Strains from Oil Contaminated Soil. Applied Sciences, 10(12), 4173. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10124173
  63. Wekpe, V., Whitworth, M., & Baily, B. (2022). A Critical Review of Oil Spill Data and Spill Management in the Niger Delta Region.G-Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 10(1), 1–13.
  64. William, A. I., Kingsley, O. & Kuaanan, T. (2022). Assessment of Heavy metals in Agricultural soils and plant (Vernonia amygdalina Delile) in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. Agriculture, 12(1), 27.
  65. Zhang, H., Yuan, X., Xiong, T., Wang, H., & Jiang, L. (2020). Bioremediation of co-contaminated soil with heavy metals and pesticides: Influence factors, mechanisms and evaluation methods. Chemical Engineering Journal, 398, 125657