Dergiler / Verimlilik Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4

İnovasyon ve Entelektüel Sermayenin Firma Performansına Etkisinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Yoluyla Araştırılması

Investigating the Impact of Innovation and Intellectual Capital on Firm Performance Using Structural Equation Modeling

Sayfa
971–984
Yayın Tarihi
2025-10-08
🏛️Bu makalenin bibliyografik verileri ve tam metin bağlantısı DergiPark üzerinden sağlanmıştır.
DergiPark Kaydı ↗
✨

Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Bulgular: Sonuçlar, entelektüel sermaye ve inovasyonun firma performansının önemli belirleyicileri olduğunu göstermektedir.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

🎯
Amaç & Hipotez:Amaç: Bu çalışmada, entelektüel sermaye ile inovasyonun firma performansına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
📊
Temel Bulgular & Veri:Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini 2023 Aralık ayı itibariyle Mersin ilinde Ar&Ge faaliyetinde bulunan ilaç depoları oluşturmaktadır.
💡
Sonuç & Katkı:Bulgular: Sonuçlar, entelektüel sermaye ve inovasyonun firma performansının önemli belirleyicileri olduğunu göstermektedir.
🔬Tür:Uygulamalı Anket & Alan Araştırması
📍Kapsam:2023 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:Entelektüel Sermaye · Performans · İnovasyon

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, entelektüel sermaye ile inovasyonun firma performansına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Entelektüel sermaye ilişkisel, insan ve yapısal sermaye alt boyutları ile inovasyon ise ürün, süreç, pazarlama ve organizasyonel inovasyon alt boyutları ile incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini 2023 Aralık ayı itibariyle Mersin ilinde Ar&Ge faaliyetinde bulunan ilaç depoları oluşturmaktadır. Veriler anket yoluyla toplanmış il merkezinde faaliyet gösteren beş ilaç deposunda çalışan 400 kişiye ulaşılmış, 314 anket analiz edilmiştir. Bu sayı gerekli örneklem sayısını karşılamaktadır. Anket dört bölümden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma modeli YEM ve AMOS kullanılarak yapılan çoklu grup karşılaştırma analizi ile test edilmiştir. Bulgular: Sonuçlar, entelektüel sermaye ve inovasyonun firma performansının önemli belirleyicileri olduğunu göstermektedir. Özgünlük: İlaç depolarında ilişkisel sermaye ve süreç inovasyonu boyutlarının firma performansı üzerinde en yüksek etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of intellectual capital and innovation on company performance. Intellectual capital is defined through its relational, human, and structural aspects, while innovation is explored across product, process, marketing, and organizational categories. Methodology: The research population includes pharmaceutical warehouses involved in R&D activities in Mersin Province as of December 2023. Data was gathered through surveys with 400 questionnaires. Of these, 314 questionnaires were returned, representing five pharmaceutical warehouses, which meets the required sample size. The research model was tested using SEM and multi-group comparison analysis with AMOS. Findings: The findings show that intellectual capital and innovation are key factors influencing company performance. Originality: This study offers valuable insights for pharmaceutical warehouses, with the relational capital dimension and process innovation having the most significant impact on company performance.

🔖

Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Erdinç, N. Y. (2025). İnovasyon ve Entelektüel Sermayenin Firma Performansına Etkisinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi Yoluyla Araştırılması. Verimlilik Dergisi, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4, 971–984. https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.1768933

📄 Tam Metin PDF Okuyucu

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

Kaynakça (74)

  1. Abdelillah, H. and Samuelides, E. (2001). “Innovation’s Dynamics in Mobile Phone Services in France”, European Journal of Innovation Management, 4(3), 153-163. https://doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005670
  2. Acaravcı, K.S., Ural, T. and Karaömer, Y. (2018). “Hisse Senedi Getirisi ve Sermaye Yapısı İlişkisine Etki Eden Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi ile Analizi”, İşletme ve İktisat Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(4), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.32479/iicd.152
  3. Ada, Ş. and Yardımcıoğlu, M. (2021). “Bağımsız Denetim Kalitesi Üzerinde Etkili Olan Faktörler Üzerine Bir Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi”, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(4), 3467-3485. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2021.1335
  4. Ali, M.A.- Hussin, N., Haddad, H., Al-Araj, R. and Abed, I. A. (2021). “A Multidimensional View of Intellectual Capital: The Impact on Innovation Performance”, Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market and Complexity, 7, 216, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7040216
  5. Alpay, G., Bodur, M., Yılmaz, C., Çetinkaya, S. and Arıkan, L. (2008). “ Performance Implications Of Institutionalization Process in Family-Owned Businesses: Evidence From An Emerging Economy”, Journal Of World Business, 43, 435-448. doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2008.03.006
  6. Alshuaibi, M.Z., Arshad, D.L., Hendrik, A., Ahmad S.A., Mohammad, S.I.A., Gadah, S., Awais, C. and Lai, F. (2023). “Strategic Resources Alignment For Sustainability: The Impact of Innovation Capability and Intellectual Capital on SME’s Performance. Moderating Role of External Environment”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 417, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137884
  7. Amin, S. and Aslam, S. (2017). “Intellectual Capital, Innovation and Firm Performance of Pharmaceuticals: A Study of the London Stock Exchange”, Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, 16(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219649217500174
  8. Ampofo, R.T. and Aidoo, E.N. (2022) “Structural Equation Modelling of COVID-19 Knowledge and Attitude As Determinants of Preventive Practices Among University Students in Ghana”, Scientific African, 16, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01182
  9. Andriessen, D. (2004). “Making Sense of Intellectual Capital: Designing A Method for the Valuation of Intangibles”, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, UK.
  10. Ante, P. (1998), “Measuring the Performance of Intellectual Potential in the Knowledge Economy”, www.measuring-ip.at, (Erişim Tarihi: 13.04.2025)
  11. Arshad, M.Z., Arshad, D.L., Hendrik, A., Ahmad, A.S., Alshuaibi, M.S.I, Albashar, G.S., Awais, C. and Lai, F. (2023), “Strategic Resources Alignment for Sustainability: The Impact of Innovation Capability and Intellectual Capital on SME’s Performance. Moderating Role of External Environment”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 417, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137884
  12. Ataei, P.K. and Hamid, Z.R. (2024), “The Role of Entrepreneurial Leadership, Intellectual Capital, Innovativeness Culture, and Entrepreneurial Orientation in Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition by Students“, Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 10, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100265
  13. Atalay, M. (2012), “Entelektüel Sermaye, Yenilik ve İşletme Performansı İlişkisi: Otomotiv Yan Sanayi Sektöründe Bir Araştırma”, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Antalya.
  14. Atalay, M., Anafarta, N. and Sarvan, F. (2013), “The Relationship Between Innovation and Firm Performance: An Empirical Evidence From Turkish Automotive Supplier Industry”, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 75, 226-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.026
  15. Barney, J.B. and Hesterly, W.S. (2006), “Strategic Management and Competitive Advantage”, Pearson/Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J, UK
  16. Beltramino, N.S., Garcia, P.L., Domingo, V.J. and Luis E. (2021), “The Role of Intellectual Capital on Process and Products Innovation: Empirical Study in SMEs in An Emerging Country”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(4), 741-764. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-07-2020-0234
  17. Bentler, P.M. (1990), “Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models”, Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238-246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
  18. Bontis, N. (2001), “Assessing Knowledge Assets: A Review of the Models Used to Measure Intellectual Capital”, International Journal of Management Reviews, 3(1), 41-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2370.00053
  19. Cahyaningati.R., Chandrarin, G., Harmono and Cahyaningsih, D.S. (2024), “Intellectual Capital and Company Performance with Innovation as Mediation Variables” 8th International Conference on Sustainability: Sustainable Economics, KnE Social Sciences, 233-250. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i29.17253
  20. Chen, J.Z., Zhaozui, X. and Hong, Y. (2004), “Measuring Intellectual Capital: A New Model and Empirical Study”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(1), 195-212.
  21. Chen, M.C., Cheng, S.J. and Hwang, Y. (2005), “An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Intellectual Capital and Firms’ Market Value and Financial Performance”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 6(2), 159-176. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930510592771
  22. Doll, W.J., Xia, W. and Torkzadeh, G. (1994), “A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the End-User Computing Satisfaction Instrument”, MIS Quarterly, 18(4), 453-461. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5414.2003.02428.x
  23. Edvinsson, L. (1997), “Developing Intellectual Capital at Skandia”, Long Range Planning, 30(3), 266-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-6301(97)90248-X
  24. Fornell, C. and Larcker, D.F. (1981), “Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics”, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382–388. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150980
  25. Gigade, M. and Bhide, S. (2025), “Exploring the Nexus Between Intellectual Capital, Green Innovation, Sustainability and Financial Performance in Creative Industry MSMEs”, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy,19(3),457-484. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-07-2024-0134
  26. Global Innovation Index (GII). (2024), https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index 2024/assets/67729/2000%20Global%20Innovation%20Index%202024_WEB3lite.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 04.05.2025)
  27. Gogan, L.M., Rennung, F., Fistis, G. and Draghisi, A. (2014), “A Proposed Tool for Managing Intellectual Capital in Small and Medium Size Enterprises”, Procedia Technology, 16, 728-736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2014.10.022
  28. Gunday, G., Ulusoy, G., Kılıc, K. and Alpkan, L. (2011), “Effects of Innovation Types on Firm Performance”, International Journal Of Production Economies, 133(2), 662-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2011.05.014
  29. Hair, J.F., Sarstedt, M.H., Lucas, K. and Volker, G. (2014), “Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): An Emerging Tool in Business Research”, European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
  30. Huang, C.C. and Huang, S.M. (2020), “External and Internal Capabilities And Organizational Performance: Does Intellectual Capital Matter?”, Asia Pacific Management Review, 25, 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2019.12.001
  31. Huang, X. (2023), “The Roles of Competition on Innovation Efficiency and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Chinese Manufacturing Industry”, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 29, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2022.100201
  32. Kalkan, A., Bozkurt Çetinkaya, Ö. and Arman, M. (2014), “The Impacts of Intellectual Capital, Innovation and Organizational Strategy on Firm Performance”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 700-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.09.025
  33. Kamath, G.B. (2008), “Intellectual Capital and Corporate Performance in Indian Pharmaceutical Industry”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 9(4), 684-704. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930810913221
  34. Kamukama, N. and Sulait, T. (2017), “Intellectual Capital and Competitive Advantage in Uganda's Microfinance Industry”, African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 8(4), 498-514. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJEMS-02-2017-0021
  35. Kennerley, M. and Neely, A. (2000), “A Framework of the Factors Affecting the Evolution of Performance Measurement Systems”, Institutional Journal of Operations, 4(2), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443570210450293
  36. Kianto A., Hurmelinna, L.P. and Ritala, P. (2010), “Intellectual Capital in Service and Product Oriented Companies”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 11(3), 305-325. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691931011064563
  37. Kline, R.B. (2015), “Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling”, Guilford Publications, USA
  38. Lin, R. J., Chen, R.H., Shun, C.N. and Kuan, K. (2010), “Customer Relationship Management and Innovation Capability: An Empirical Study”, Industrial Management & Data Systems, 110 (1),111-133.https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571011008434
  39. Marimuthu, M., Arokiasamy, L. and Ismail, M. (2009), “Human Capital Development and Its Impact on Firm Performance: Evidence from Developmental Economics”. The Journal of International Social Research, 2(8), 265-272.
  40. Mcdowell, W.C., Peake, W.O., Coder, L.A.H. and Michael L. (2018), “Building Small Firm Performance through Intellectual Capital Development: Exploring Innovation As the Black Box”, Journal of Business Research, 88, 321-327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.01.025
  41. Mennes, K., Van Gils, A., Odekerken, S.G. and Letterie, W. (2018). “Exploring Antecedents of Service Innovation Performance in Manufacturing SMEs”, International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 36(5), 500-520. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242617749687
  42. Nasiri, M., Saulina, M., Rantala, T. and Ukko, J. (2022), “Sustainable Innovation Among Small Businesses: The Role Of Digital Orientation, The External Environment, and Company Characteristics”, Sustainable Development, 30(4), 703-712. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2267
  43. Naderi, N. and Rostami, S. (2016), “The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Organizational Entrepreneurship (Case Study: Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization of Kermanshah City)”, Journal of Agricultural Extension Education Research, 9 (3), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100265
  44. Nuryaman, N. (2015), “The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Firm’s Value with the Financial Performance as Intervening Variable”, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 211, 292-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.037
  45. Olarewaju, O.M. and Msomi, T.S. (2021), “Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of South African Development Community’s General Insurance Companies”, Heliyon, 7, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06712
  46. Oslo Guide. (2005), “Yenilik Verilerinin Toplanması ve Yorumlanması İçin İlkeler”, Ekonomik işbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü Avrupa Birliği İstatistik Ofisi, OECD ve Eurostat Ortak Yayımı. 3. Baskı, TÜBİTAK
  47. Ozgun, A.H., Tarim, M., Delen, D. and Zaim, S. (2022), “Social Capital and Organizational Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation Activities and Intellectual Capital”, Healthcare Analytics, 2, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.health.2022.100046
  48. Örnek, A.Ş. and Ayas, S. (2015), “Entelektüel Sermaye ile Yenilikçi İş Davranışının İşletme Performansına Etkisi: Bilişim Sektörü Uygulaması”, İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 91-116. https://doi.org/10.24889/ifede.268166
  49. Özbaysal, T. and Alkibay, S. (2023), “İnovasyonun İhracat Performansına Etkisinde Entelektüel Sermayenin Aracılık Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(4), 2922-2941. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2023.1757
  50. Petty R. and Guthrie, J. (2000), “Intellectual Capital Literature Review: Measurement, Reporting and Management”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1, 155-176. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930010348731
  51. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association of Türkiye (IEIS). (2022). “Türkiye İlaç Sektörü Raporu (2022)”, https://www.ieis.org.tr/, (Erişim Tarihi11.12.2023)
  52. Rajapathirana, J.R.P. and Hui, Y. (2018), “Relationship between Innovation Capability, Innovation Type, and Firm Performance”, Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 3, 44-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2017.06.002
  53. Rezende, J.F., Correia, A.A. and Gomez B.A. (2017). “The Intellectual Capital and the Creation of Value in Research Units Linked to the Brazilian Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation”, Innovation and Management Review, 14, 199-215.
  54. Roger, P. W. (1999), “Product Innovation, Product-Market Competition and Persistant Profitability in the US Pharmaceutical Industry”, Strategic Management Journal, 20, 655-670. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199907)20:7 3.0.CO;2-P
  55. Roxas, B., Ashill, N. and Chadee, D. (2017), “Effects of Entrepreneurial and Environmental Sustainability Orientations on Firm Performance: A Study of Small Businesses in the Philippines”, Journal of Small Business Management, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12259
  56. Sandalcı, U. (2020), “Vergiden Kaçınmayı Etkileyen Faktörlerin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile Analizi”, Alanya Akademik Bakış Dergisi, 4(3), 1033-1056. https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.686673
  57. Sekaran, U. (2003). Research and Markets: Research Methods for Business - A Skill Building Approach, 5. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 17506200710779521
  58. Shao, A. T. (2002). Marketing Research: An Aid to Decision Making. South-Western/Thomson Learning, Cincinnati, Ohio.
  59. Shin, S., He, X. and Kim, S.Y. (2016). “Innovation Capability, Marketing Capability and Firm Performance: A Two-Nation Study of China and Korea”, Asian Business & Management, 15(1), 32-56.
  60. Statista. (2025). “Total Global Spending on Pharmaceutical Research and Development from 2016 to 2030”, https://www.statista.com/statistics/309466/global-r-and-d-expenditure-for-pharmaceuticals/, (Erişim Tarihi: 04.05.2025).
  61. Stewart, T.A. (1997). “Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations”, Nicholas Brealey, London, UK. Stiles, P. and Kulvisaechana, S. (2004), “Human Capital and Performance in Public Sector”, Judge Institute of Management, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  62. Subramaniam, M. and Youndt, M.A. (2005), “The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Types of Innovative Capabilities”, Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 450-463. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2005.17407911
  63. Sumedrea, S. (2013), “Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance: A Dynamic Relationship in Crisis Time”, Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 137-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00125-1
  64. Truong, B.T.T. and Nguyen, P.V. (2024), “Driving Business Performance through Intellectual Capital, Absorptive Capacity, and Innovation: The Mediating Influence of Environmental Compliance and Innovation”, Asia Pacific Management Review, 29, 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2023.06.004
  65. Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu (TÜRKPATENT). (2022). “Küresel İnovasyon Endeksi”, https://www.turkpatent.gov.tr/haberler/kuresel-inovasyon-endeksi-2022-raporu-yayimlandi (Erişim Tarihi11.12.2023)
  66. Wang, W.Y. and Chang, C. (2005), “Intellectual Capital and Performance in Causal Models: Evidence from the Information Technology Industry in Taiwan”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 6(2), 222-236. https://doi.org/10.1108/14691930510592816
  67. Wang, Z., Cai, S., Liang, H., Wang, N. and Xiang, E. (2018), “Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance: The Mediating Role of Innovation Speed and Quality”, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 32(6), 1222-1250. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2018.1511611
  68. Yang, F., Lou, C. and Pan, L. (2024), “Do Digitalization And Intellectual Capital Drive Sustainable Open Innovation of Natural Resources Sector? Evidence from China”, Resources Policy, 88, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.104345
  69. Yorulmaz, M. and Alkan, G. (2018), “Entelektüel Sermaye Bileşenlerinin Örgüt Performansa Etkisi: Denizcilik Sektöründe Bir Uygulama”, Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(58), 829-839. https://doi.org/10.17719/jsir.2018.2596
  70. Yuan, K.H. and Bentler, P.M. (2007). “Model Fit Evaluation in Multilevel Structural Equation Models”,Frontiers in Psychology, 5(81), 1-9. DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00081
  71. Zahra, S.A., Nielsen, A.P. and Bogner, W.C. (1999), “Corporate Entrepreneurship, and Extension, Knowledge and Competence Development”, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 23(3), 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879902300310
  72. Zerenler, M., Hasiloglu, S.B. and Sezgin, M. (2008), “Intellectual Capital and Innovation Performance: Empirical Evidence in the Turkish Automotive Supplier”, Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 3(4), 31-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242008000200003
  73. Ali, M.A.- Hussin, N., Haddad, H., Al-Araj, R. and Abed, I. A. (2021). “A Multidimensional View of Intellectual Capital: The Impact on Innovation Performance”, Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market and Complexity, 7, 216, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7040216
  74. Ante, P. (1998), “Measuring the Performance of Intellectual Potential in the Knowledge Economy”, www.measuring-ip.at, (Erişim Tarihi: 13.04.2025)