Yapay Zeka Hızlı Bakış & Çıkarımlar
AI InsightEbeler, günümüzde doğum
📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale
Özet
Ebelik, dünyanın en eski mesleklerinden birisidir. Ebeler, günümüzde doğum
Abstract
Midwifery is one of the oldest professions in the world. Midwifes are members of the profession who is obliged to provide the necessary care for the mother and the newborn before, during and after the birth. For this reason, it has a key role in reaching the ideal of a healthy society and healthy generations. Midwifes in Turkey, began to receive formal education in 1842. Because in this period the Ottoman bureaucracy and physicians began to hold traditional/local midwifes responsible for maternal and infant deaths. The problem could be solved if the traditional midwifes would be trained through training course. However, when the expected success in their training was not achieved, it was considered appropriate to give diplomas to the existing ones and to supervise them. Dr. Besim Ömer Paşa who plaid an important role in the transformation of the midwifery profession, opened the first birthplace of the country (viladethane) in 1892. In 1909, a Midwife Academy was established in Kadırga. According to the conditions determined by Dr. Besim Ömer, only the women younger than 30 years of age and graduated from the primary school could apply to this academy. The traditional/local midwifes that were not able to provide the above mentioned conditions were completely pushed out of the system. The midwifery profession has gradually lost its identity as an independent profession and has started to enter under the control of male physicians. During the Republican era, many attempts were made to increase the number of qualified midwives and fifty persons Midwifery Students Dormitory were established, besides the school in Istanbul. Short course programs for midwives were also organized at Numune Hospitals of the country. However, even though 13 years have passed since the proclamation of the Republic, the targeted increase in the number of midwives could not be achieved. Considering that about eighty percent of the country’s population lived in the villages, in 1936 it was decided to open village midwives schools. As a result, village midwives that will be employed in the villages started to get trained. However at the end of the fifteenth year of the Republic, the desired goal of improving the quality of midwifery training and increasing the number of midwives could not be achieved. Moreover, as in the Ottoman Empire period, during the first fifteen years of the Republic, the male dominant medical concept leave its mark and therefore, the midwifery profession could not be developed as an autonomous profession.