Mu’tazila’s Faith System; Usûl-i Hamse/Five Principles and Background

Abstract

Mu’tazila, a founding school of Islamic thought, has frequentlyspoken in every period by its distinctive kalam system, rationalist, libertarianand inquisitive religious discourse and the original language it uses. Mu’tazila,that systematically revealed the belief field for the first time, declared the beliefsystem in five essentials. These principles, known as Usul-i hamse, are almostidentical to Mu’tazila.Usûl-i hamse are the main points that Mu’tazila differentiates from the Ahlas-Sunnah in terms of religious interpretation. These principles are not merelyprinciples of religious justification and content. On the contrary, these principles,which have emerged under a number of socio-political factors, also have anumber of political aspects. Knowing the background of these essentials canlead to better understanding of the form of Mu’tazilite thought. For this reason,our article is based on a thorough analysis of these five essentials. In the study,the religious discourse of Mu’tazila was analyzed along with the content andbackground of the five essentials. Thus, this article is the product of an effort totake a closer look at religious discourse which is not distant to political contextand is woven with reason, philosophy and justice.

Özet

İslâm düşüncesinin kurucu bir okulu olan Mu’tezile, ortaya koyduğu kelâm