Mulamma’ and ‘Abdu’l-Wâsi Jabalî

Abstract

"Mulamma’" (macaronic), which is defined as a poetic composition containing verses in Arabic and others in Persian providing that the same rhyme and meter, has appeared in the tenth century Persian Literature. This type of poem whose pioneer is Şehîd-i Belḫî, has seen in the poems of eminent poets such as Senâî, Jalalu’d-Dîn Rumî, Sa’dî Shirâzî, Ḥâfıẓ who are a mastery over both languages. In this work, it’s been surveyed the literary identity and the life of ‘Abdu’l-Wâsi’ Jabalî who isn’t as famous as the poets mentioned but lived in the twelfth century that is known as one of the poet of "zu’l-belagateyn" who has knowledge in depth about Arabic and Persian Language. Jabalî, who is among the important poets such as Mes‘ûd-i Sa‘d, Abu’l-Faraj Rûnî, Senâî attracting attention by contributing to the evolution of the poetry style of Persian, didn’t only use Arabic words frequently in his odes, but also he wrote the poem of mulamma’. In this context the mulamma of Jabalî which indited it by a couplet in Arabic and a couplet in Persian, has been presented which was surveyed in terms of language and literary style that’s been translated from both Arabic and Persian Literature. Furthermore, it has been mentioned place of mulamma’ in both literature and it has been tried to express the effect of Arabic on Persian Language and Literature and its importance at that time.

Özet

Aynı vezin ve kafiyede olmak koşuluyla bir mısra veya beyit Arapça, bir mısra veya beyit Farsça olarak nazmedilen şiirlere verilen isim olan mülemma, X. yüzyılda Fars Edebiyatı’nda ortaya çıkmıştır. Şehîd-i Belhî’nin öncüsü olduğu mülemma türü şiir Senâî, Mevlana, Sa’dî Şirazî, Hâfız gibi Arapça’ya vakıf olan güzide şairlerin şiirlerinde görülmüştür.

Keywords: Mülemma, Abdülvâsi-i Cebelî, Fars Edebiyatı, Arap Edebiyatı, İran, Fars şiiri, Abdülvâsi-i Cebelî