Frontl৻ne of Çoruh ৻n the F৻rst World War-1915

Abstract

Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa was founded before the Ottoman Empire entered the First World War. The offices of the Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa began in Trabzon, Erzurum, and Van. Volunteers gathered for their activities in the border areas. As the number of volunteers increased, they became a military unit. When we entered the war, these voluntary units went beyond the border and carried out military operations. When the war started, Ömer Naci entered Iran from Van. Yusuf Rıza in Trabzon entered Russia from the coast. Murgul took Borcka and Artvin from the Russians. Dr. Bahaettin Şakir went to Artvin from Erzurum with his volunteers. Coming with the 8th Regiment under the command of German Lieutenant Colonel Stange Bey and Command of Yakup Cemil, he came together with the Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa volunteers. The military forces in Artvin united and marched to Ardahan, a Russian occupation. They took Ardahan from the Russians. But they could not stay in the city much. After withdrawing in Ardahan, they created a defense line in the Şavşat-Ardanuç region for the defense of Artvin. Captain Halit Bey, one of the officers among the volunteers who came from Istanbul, organized a procession by organizing new volunteers gathered from Artvin and fought for the defense of Artvin in the Ardanuç region. He later became the commander of the Artvin defense. He retreated from the Artvin into the Çoruh valley. His order was to close the Çoruh valley to the Russian forces. He continued his duty in 1915 and 1916

Özet

OsmanlÕ Devlet൴, B൴r൴nc൴ D nya SavaúÕ'na g൴rmeden |nce, Teúk൴lât-Õ Mahsusa kuruldu. Teúk൴-latÕn Trabzon, Erzurum ve Van'da Teúk൴lât-ÕMahsusa'nÕn ൴stasyonlarÕ faal൴yete baúladÕ.Hudut b|lgeler൴ndek൴ faal൴yetler൴ ൴ç൴n g|n ll lertoplandÕ. G|n ll sayÕsÕ arttÕkça asker൴ b൴rl൴khal൴ne geld൴ler. Savaúa g൴rd൴÷൴m൴zde bu g|n ll b൴rl൴kler sÕnÕr |tes൴ne geçerek asker൴ operasyonlar yaptÕ. Savaú baúladÕ÷Õnda Ömer Nac൴ Van'danøran'a g൴rd൴. Trabzon'dak൴ Yusuf RÕza, sah൴ldenRusya'ya g൴rd൴. Murgul Borçka ve Artv൴n'൴ Ruslardan aldÕ. Dr. Bahaett൴n ùak൴r g|n ll ler൴ ൴leb൴rl൴kte Erzurum'dan Artv൴n'e g൴tt൴. østanbul'dangelen Alman Yarbay Stange Bey kumandasÕndak൴ 8. Alay ve Yakup Cem൴l KomutasÕnda Teúk൴lât-Õ Mahsusa g|n ll ler൴ ൴le b൴rleút൴. Artv൴n'-dek൴ asker൴ kuvvetler b൴rleúerek Rus ൴úgal൴ndek൴Ardahan'a y r d ler. Ardahan'Õ Ruslardan aldÕlar. Ama úeh൴rde fazla kalamadÕlar. Ardahan'daçek൴ld൴kten sonra, Artv൴n'൴n savunmasÕ ൴ç൴nùavúat-Ardanuç b|lges൴nde savunma hattÕ oluúturdular. østanbul'dan gelm൴ú g|n ll ler൴n arasÕndak൴ subaylarÕndan olan Y zbaúÕ Hal൴t Bey,Artv൴n'den toplanan yen൴ g|n ll ler൴ organ൴zeederek, b൴r alay kurdu ve Ardanuç b|lges൴ndeArtv൴n'൴n savunmasÕ ൴ç൴n savaútÕ. Daha sonraArtv൴n savunmasÕnÕn kumandanÕ oldu. Artv൴n'-den Çoruh vad൴s൴n൴n ൴çler൴ne do÷ru çek൴ld൴.AldÕ÷Õ em൴r Çoruh vad൴s൴n൴ Rus kuvvetler൴nekapatmaktÕ. Görev൴n൴ 1915 ve 1916 yÕlÕndas rd rd .