Vitreoretinal Interface Characteristics in Eyes with Idiopathic Macular Holes: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the qualitative and quantitative vitreoretinal interface characteristics with spectral domain optical coherencetomography (SD-OCT) in eyes with macular hole (MH) and investigate their relation with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and MH duration.Materials and Methods: Sixty-one eyes of 46 consecutive patients diagnosed with idiopathic MH were included in the study.The mean age of the patients was 66.7±7.5 (51-79) years. Complete ophthalmologic examination and SD-OCT examinationwere performed in all eyes and MH stages were determined according to SD-OCT findings. Qualitative characteristics of thevitreoretinal interface were investigated, including vitreomacular traction, vitreopapillary traction, maculopapillary traction,vitreoschisis, intraretinal cyst, presence of epiretinal membrane, and the integrity of the photoreceptor inner segment-outersegment junction (IS/OS) and external limiting membrane (ELM). In addition, MH diameter, MH base diameter (MHBD),ELM defect diameter, IS/OS defect diameter, and MH height were quantitatively measured and the MH index was calculated.Results: Out of 61 eyes, 9.8% were classified as stage 1a, 19.7% as stage 1b, 18% as stage 2, 23% as stage 3, and 29.5% as stage4. Mean BCVA was 0.28±0.24 (1 mps-1.0) Snellen and MH duration was 10.08±18.6 (1-108) months. The most common interfacecharacteristics associated with MH were determined as intraretinal cyst (91.8%), IS/OS defect (78.7%) and ELM defect (63.9%).Duration and stage of MH were inversely proportional to BCVA but directly proportional to the presence and diameter of IS/OSand ELM defects. BCVA was significantly lower in eyes with IS/OS and ELM defects (p