PREDICTING THE RISK OF DYSKINESIA DEVELOPMENT IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Abstract

Background: Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor findings. Motor findings generally start with involvement of a single extremity and progress throughout life; asymmetrical involvement continues with clinical findings typically predominant in the first involved side. Parkinson’s Disease is divided into two phenotypes, tremor dominant, and non-tremor dominant.We aimed to investigate and compare the incidence of dyskinesia development and other clinical parameters such as age, gender, disease duration, and treatment between the tremor dominant and non-tremor dominant phenotypes of idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 502 patients (183 females, 319 male) with idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease.Results: Two hundred eighty-five (56%) patients had tremor dominant phenotype and 217 (44%) had non-tremor dominant. Dyskinesia was observed in 29% of the patients overall, 24% of the tremor dominant patients, and 35% of the non-tremor dominant patients. Dyskinesia incidence was significantly greater in the non-tremor dominant group than the tremor dominant group (p=0.006). Average age at diagnosis in patients who developed dyskinesia 57±12.9 years and who did not 64±11.1 years. Thirty-four (24 tremor dominant, 10 non-tremor dominant) patients had a family member with Parkinson’s Disease. Thirteen patients (5 tremor dominant, 8 non-tremor dominant) with a positive family history developed dyskinesia. The incidence of dyskinesia development according to clinical phenotype was independent from family history and was greater in the NTD group (p=0.02). Levodopa treatment was received by 421 (83%) patients; the incidence of dyskinesia development who used levodopa was 33% (p