Robust optimal operation of smart distribution grids with renewable based generators

Abstract

Modern distribution systems are equipped with various distributed energy resources (DERs) because ofthe importance of local generation. These distribution systems encounter more and more uncertainties because of theever-increasing use of renewable energies. Other sources of uncertainty, such as load variation and system components’failure, will intensify the unpredictable nature of modern distribution systems. Integrating energy storage systems intodistribution grids can play a role as a flexible bidirectional source to accommodate issues from constantly varying loads andrenewable resources. The overall functionality of these modern distribution systems is enhanced using communication andcomputational abilities in smart grid frameworks. Robust operation of these systems is effectively taken into considerationto manage the uncertainty, which offers an explicit way to control the desired conservativeness. This paper presents anoptimal operating program for smart grids equipped with wind generators, controllable distributed generators, energystorage systems, and reactive power compensators. In order to make the studies more practical, uncertainty aboutwind generators and grid loads is taken into account. Furthermore, the presented operating program is robust in variousconditions, i.e. there is no need to change the operating program in a wide range of probable states. The point estimationmethod and fuzzy clustering method are used for probabilistic assessment of the distribution system in the presence ofuncertainties. The IEEE 37-node standard test system, which is a highly unbalanced system, is selected for the casestudy and the results are discussed comprehensively.