Resistance of winter wheat to Heterodera flipjevi in Turkey

Abstract

Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are plant parasites that signifcantly limit global cereal production. Te most frequentlyreported pathogenic species are Heterodera avenae , H. flipjevi, and H. latipons. One of the most cost-efective, environmentally friendly,and easily adopted control measures is the use of genetic host resistance, which maintains nematode populations below the economicdamage threshold level. Many efective sources of resistance to CCNs have been identifed in cereals; however, their efectiveness andusefulness is dependent on the interaction of the specifc putative resistant accession and the CCN pathotype found in a specifc region.In this study, 719 wheat lines from the Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nurseries, representing a broad geographical spectrumof breeding lines and varieties from Europe, Central Asia, and the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program, were screenedagainst H. flipjevi under controlled conditions. Te results indicated that 114 and 90 genotypes were ranked resistant and moderatelyresistant, representing 15.8% and 12.5% of the screened genotypes, respectively. Te frequency of resistant genotypes observed in thegermplasms varied signifcantly among the diferent original countries and was the highest for genotypes that originated from Bulgaria(59.3%). From those phenotyped germplasms, a set of 289 lines was genotyped to understand if resistance sources are located at thesame site or originate from diferent locations in the genome.