First report of Adoxophyes orana in northwestern Turkey: population fuctuation and damage on diferent host plants

Abstract

Tis study reports the presence of the summer fruit tortrix moth, Adoxophyes orana , in pome and stone fruit orchards forthe frst time in northwestern Turkey. Based on growers complaints about cosmetic damage to peach and pear fruits, pheromonetraps were set up in mid-April of 2009 and 2010 to monitor the occurrence of the summer fruit tortrix moth. We conducted studies inconventional apple, pear, peach, and sweet cherry orchards in Bursa, northwestern Turkey. Moths caught in pheromone traps showed atrimodal fight pattern in all orchards. However, both moth emergence time and total fight period varied among host plants. Te frstmoths were caught in peach and apple orchards on 13 May in 2009 and 3 May in 2010, corresponding to an average degree-day (DD)accumulation of 350 356 DD starting from 1 February. Te 2nd and 3rd moth fights began in late June or early July (1003 1027 DD)and early August (1600 1690 DD), respectively. Moth captures continued until the end of September, lasting for an average of 2305 DD.Te highest mean percentage leaf damage (9.3%) was found in sweet cherry orchards. However, neither sweet cherry nor apple fruitswere injured in any way by A. orana larvae. Conversely, the mean percentage of fruit infested with larvae was 1.4% and 0.8% in peachand pear orchards, respectively. Because a level of fruit damage higher than 1% is considered the control threshold, A. orana is morelikely to cause economic damage in peach and pear orchards in the near future.