Structural and ecological characteristics of mixed broadleaved old-growth forest (Biogradska Gora - Montenegro)

Abstract

Biogradska Gora National Park in Montenegro is part of the Dinaric Mountains mixed forest, which belongs to the montaneregion of the Dinaric Alps. This paper presents some of the main structural and ecological characteristics of the mixed broadleavedold-growth forest with beech [Fagus moesiaca (Domin, Maly) Czecz.], sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) and European ash(Fraxinus excelsior L.) from the preserve area of the Biogradska Gora. These forest ecosystems are characterized by the high speciesrichness and potential productivity. In the study area, 58 vascular plant species were recorded in 4 sample plots of 0.25 ha each. Theaverage timber volume found in the sample plots was 814 m3/ha. This value is twice as high as that of similar pure beech forests in thesame preserve area. The results are confirmed the biodiversity and production potential of mixed broadleaved forests, which rarelyoccur spontaneously. A better understanding of the processes of the pristine forest ecosystems could form a realistic basis for close-tonature management of similar stands. The obtained data provides overview of the structural characteristics of these forests, which havedeveloped without anthropogenic influence. Exploring the structure of forests in permanent preservation areas could be an excellentbasis for close-to-nature forest management.