Gender dysphoria in an adolescent diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome over a follow-up period

Abstract

Although genetic factors have been thought to be main cause for gender dysphoria, its etiology is still notclearly understood. Klinefelter syndrome is the most seen sex chromosomal disorder. In the literature, thereare fewer case reports in connection with Klinefelter syndrome and gender dysphoria. Herein, we report a 16year-old adolescent patient displaying gender dysphoria features, who has revealed Klinefelter syndrome aftergenetic examination, and has been treated with testosterone hormone, and his gender dysphoria symptomshave disappeared. In our case, chromosomal anomaly and lower levels of androgen could play a role in theetiopathogenesis of gender dysphoria. Bringing Klinefelter syndrome disorder to mind in gender dysphoriacases, even it is a rare disorder, could positively affect the course of the treatment as was in our case. Therelation between psychiatric symptoms, which can be seen in gender dysphoria, and testosterone is not knownexactly. Further studies, which are randomized-controlled ones, can help to better understand the subject