Effect of Fertilization on Weed Infestation, Morphological and Productive Traits of Different Alternative Small Grains

Abstract

This examination aims to determinate influence of fertilizers towardweed infestation, morphological and productive traits of differentalternative small grains, as well as to examine the correlation of thestudied traits of alternative small grains with weed infestation inorganic production. The field experiment was conducted on luvicchernozem in completely randomized blocks, repeatad four times, inthe three year period (2013/2014-2015/2016). Examination wascarried out on one winter cultivars of naked barley, spelt, durum,compactum wheat and triticale, and the experiment includedfertilization with microbiological fertilizer (5.0 L ha-1) as well as thecombined application of microbiological (5.0 L ha-1) and organicfertilizer (3.0 t ha-1). Results obtained pointed out that examinedfactors have important influence toward number and the dry weedweight, but the influence toward diversity weeds is negligible. Thesmallest the total number of weeds (12.7 plants m-2), as well as thedry weight of weeds (18.5 g m-2) was noted in the spelt (P˂0.01).The considerably significant smaller the total number of weeds onthe variant F2 (14.7 plants m-2) compared to F1 (15.4 plants m-2) andF0 (15.5 plants m-2), while dry weed weight on the variants F1 (23.7g m-2) and F2 (23.8 g m-2) significant higher comparing to control F0(20.7 g m-2). The use of fertilizers have significatly influenced theincrease of the stem height (5.5-10.0%), spike length (6.4-9.9%),weight of the plant (9.5-20.8%) and the weight of grains in the spike(7.8-16.9%). The negative dependence of the weeds number(r= -0.69) and its dry weight (r= -0.39) relаted to the height ofstem, and, also, negative dependence between weight of grains inthe spike with the weed number (r= -0.32) has been perceived.These results of examination showed that proper selection of thegenotypes with the application of fertilisers could have a significanteffect on the weeds in the organic production alternative smallgrains.