Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolics of Local Apple Cultivars Encountered along the Coastal Zone of Northeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey

Abstract

In this study, antioxidant activity and total phenolics in fruit fleshand fruit flesh + skin tissue of local apple cultivars encounteredalong the coastal zone of Northeastern Anatolia Region (Turkey)and 5 standard cultivars were determined. In local cultivars,antioxidant activities (µmol Trolox equivalent (TE) antioxidant gfresh weight (fw)-1) varied between 0.17-1.70 in fruit flesh andbetween 0.35-1.55 in fruit flesh + skin tissue; in standard cultivars,the values varied between 0.24 (‘Royal Gala’) and 0.29 (‘GrannySmith’ and ‘Pink Lady’) in fruit flesh and between 0.27 (‘Jonagold’)and 0.61 (‘Royal Gala’) in fruit flesh + skin tissue. In local cultivars,total phenolics (Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) kg fw-1) variedbetween 53.26- 00.54 in fruit flesh and between 89.32-406.91 infruit flesh + skin tissue; the values in standard cultivars variedbetween 56.30 (‘Royal Gala’) and 124.64 (‘Jonagold’) in fruit fleshand between 102.73 (‘Summerred’) and 198.72 (‘Jonagold’) in fruitflesh + skin tissue. Present findings revealed that local cultivarsgenerally had 3-4 times greater antioxidant activity and totalphenolics than the standard cultivars. Fruit flesh + skin tissuegenerally had greater antioxidant activity and total phenolics thanthe fruit flesh alone. However, the local apple cultivar of ‘HemşinElması’ had greater values of both parameters in fruit flesh than infruit flesh + skin tissue.