The formulation of ginger oil nanoemulsions of threevarieties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) as naturalantioxidant

Abstract

One of traditional plants in Indonesia that could be potentially developed as antioxidant is ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). There are three varieties, namely elephant ginger, yellow ginger, and red ginger. Its contents mainly essential oil consisted of many antioxidant compounds. Nevertheless, the use of ginger oil in topical dosage form formula is less effective, unstable, and volatile which affects its bioavailability. In this study, nanoemulsion formulas of ginger oil were optimized according to the ratio of tween 80 as surfactant and ethanol as cosurfactant using simplex lattice design (SLD) method. The optimum nanoemulsion formulas of each varieties were characterized and the resultshowed that nanoemulsion of yellow ginger oil had the highest percentage transmittance (99.676 ± 0.096%) and halfmaximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value (3.010 ± 0.008 mg/mL). Furthermore, all optimum formulas had compliedthe other nanoemulsion specifications. The study indicated that nanoemulsion formulas of three varieties of ginger essential oils could be developed as potential antioxidant agent.