Frequencies and Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. Isolated from Blood Culture: A 7-year Trend Analysis of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. Bacteremias

Abstract

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in the frequencies and antibiotic susceptibilities of Pseu- domonas spp and Acinetobacter spp isolated from blood cultures in our hospital. Methods: Results of blood cultures, which were obtained from inpatients of our hospital and accepted by our microbiology laboratory between January 1 st, 2013 and November 1 st, 2019, were retrospectively searched. Automated blood culture system BACTEC FX (Becton–Dickinson, USA) was used. Identification and susceptibility tests of the strains were made using VITEK MS MALDI-TOF (bioMérieux, USA) and VITEK® 2 Compac automated system; (Biomerieux, French). Results: Bacterial growth was detected in 20.5% of the total 21,367 blood cultures. Of the positive cultures, 263 (5.9%) were Pseudomonas spp. and 254 (5.7%) were Acinetobacter spp. The frequency of Pseudomonas spp. in the blood cultures over the years did not change (p=0.2), whereas the frequency of Acinetobacter spp decreased (p=0.004). Tigecycline resistance of Acinetobacter spp increased over the years (p=0.0005). However, ceftazidime and amikacin resistance of Pseudomonas spp decreased over the years (p=0.01 and p=0.04, respectively). Discussion and Conclusion: Multidrug resistance among Gram-negative bacteria is an increasing problem. Estimating the probable resistance pattern of especially Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections is difficult. Thus, in our opinion, empir- ical treatment strategies should be defined by local and national studies.