Prevalence and Associated Depression Risk Factors in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Qazvin, Iran (2014)

Abstract

Objective: The prevalence of depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies from country tocountry, and even across various geographic regions within a country. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence ofdepression and its related risk factors in patients with COPD in Qazvin, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 patients (34–80 years old) with COPD, referred to the pulmonary diseases clinicin Qazvin, Iran, during 2014. Demographics, medical records, current symptoms, and results of the lung function tests of the participants were recorded. Moreover, the pulmonary function was evaluated. COPD was categorized according to the Global Initiativefor Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) system. The Beck depression inventory (BDI) was completed by all participants. Datawere analyzed using the independent samples t-test, chi-squared test, and linear regression analysis.Results: Of the 100 patients with COPD, 90 were male. The mean age was 57.57±14.06 years. Moreover, among the 100 patientswith COPD, 75 had depression. 67% had symptoms of mild to moderate depression, and only 8% had severe depressive symptoms.There was a significant association between depression and independent variables of cigaret smoking (β, 0.384; p