Propolis Attenuates Nitrosative Stress in the Brain Tissue of Rats Exposed to Total Head Irradiation

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to research the radioprotective aspect of propolis on the brain tissue of rats exposed to ionizing radiation and its ability in reducing nitrosative stress resulting from ionizing radiation. Methods: In this study, 32 rats were used. They were randomly divided into four equal groups: two control groups, one irradiation only group, and the last group is both IR exposed and propolis administered. A single dose of 5Gy was given to the other two groups except the control groups. Biochemical parameters were measured by spectrophotometry to determine whether protective effects of propolis were present. Results: In this study, it was determined that nitric oxide, peroxynitrite values, and nitric oxide synthase activity were significantly higher in the radiotherapy only group in comparison to both propolis and irradiation-treated groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the use of propolis has a protective effect against the adverse effects of nitrosative stress caused by ionizing radiation. However, to be assured of these beneficiary effects of propolis should be supported by further pharmacological and toxicological research.