Journals / ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 1
Sex Status and Characteristics of Flowers in Some Pomegranate Varieties (Punica granatum L.)
- Pages
- 21–31
- DOI
- —
Abstract
Sex status in fruit trees varies according to the biological structure of the flowers. Different sex situations arise according to the characteristics of the flowers. In pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) trees, male and female flowers are found in different proportions (andromonoecy), in other words hermaphrodite flowers (bisexual) and male flowers (functional male flowers) develop on the same plant. Functional male flowers are dropped after opening. The excess of this type of flower causes loss of yield. Only fruits can be obtained from bisexual flowers. In both type flowers, sex status appears to connected to pistil development. The flower characteristics of different pomegranate varieties, the sex status of the flowers, the flowering periods, the positions and the structures of the flowers are the deficiencies to be revealed. This study was carried out to identify the morphological characteristics of bisexual and functional male flower types, sex status, flowering periods, positions and structures of flowers in some pomegranate varieties. Furthermore, floral characteristics (ovary width, base to sepal notch length, total pistil length, stigma + style length and stigma diameter) and how they vary with positions (single, lateral and terminal) were determined. This research shows that flower size and pistil can be quite variable and are related to flower type and position. In both pomegranate varieties, the proportion of functional male flowers is considerably greater than that of bisexual flowers. In the first flowering period of the 'Mayhoş 8' pomegranate, this ratio reached a high as 90%. The percentage of single bisexual flowers on the branches (40-63%) is higher than the percentage of bisexual flowers on the terminal or lateral of a cluster. Flower size characteristics are indicative of fruit quality in pomegranate trees. Bisexual flowers with larger ovary width (> 20 mm) and total pistil length (> 25 mm) than others have very well developed ovules. This type of flowers can increase fruit set significantly.
Özet
Bu çalışmada Galleria mellonella (L.) Wiesner, Deseo et al., Marston ve Ertle, Haydak, ilk kez denemeye alınan A ve B adı verilen yapay besin ortamlarında yetiştirilerek, bu besin ortamlarının larva gelişimini tamamlama oranı, pupa gelişimini tamamlama oranı ergin olma oranı, pupa boyu, pupa ağırlığı, ergin boyu, ergin kanat açıklığı bakımından etkisi araştırılmıştır. Denemeler 29±2°C sıcaklık ve %60-70 orantılı neme sahip inkübatörde yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre çalışmada ele alınan besin ortamlarından, Deseo'nun besin ortamı ile A besin ortamı hem en iyi gelişimi sağlayan, hem de en düşük maliyetli en iyi iki besin ortamı olarak anlaşılmaktadır. Bu iki besin ortamının, G. mellonella'nın özellikle gelişimi ve canlılığı bakımından diğer ortamlara göre daha uygun olduğu görülmektedir.