The saka s (A) parnı trıbe who ruled ın Turkmenıa and ıts relatıon to the apar regıon (khorasan), ın north -east Iran

Abstract

Abstract: The name Apar was recorded as AparnoiParni in Classical sources. The Aparnoi were relatedthe Dahae mentioned in Classical sources as beingbranch of the Sakas. The Dahae, being mentioned with different names in these sources from Herodotos onwards, settled from the IVth century B.C. onwards,the area between the Caspian Sea and the Oxusthence to the north-eastern corner of the Caspian. They founded in Persia the Parthian Dynasty in the second half of the IIIrd century B.C. The toponym Dahistan employed in the Middle Ages derived from their nameAs a Hellenistic kingdom in the westernmost partthe Central Asia and in Persia, the Parthian Kingdom was founded by the Arsakid Dynasty. The Parthians conquered the entire Iranian plateau and some regions of the eastern and south-eastern parts of Turkeybecame the most powerful rival of Rome beforeSasanians. The region of Khorasan, where the Parthians founded their own kingdom, was most probably named Aparshahr from their ancient name. After the Parthi- ans, the Hephthalites at the beginning of the Vth century A.D., established a great and vast empire includinggreat part of Central Asia, Northern India and some eastern parts of Iran. During the Hephthalite periodregion carried a similar name until it was conqueredKhosraw I. The name mentioned as Apar in TurkicArmenian sources also had a kind of relationship toHephthalites. It was considered their name was recorded as Hua (< Awar/Abar/Apar) in some of the Chinese sources.