Biological control of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler's in in vitro conditions tomatoes by bacteria

Abstract

Fungal diseases cause significant economic losses in fruits in the field and postharvest. Tomatoes, which are of great importance in terms of human health and economically, are sensitive to fungal diseases due to their rich nutrients and water content. Alternaria alternata is defined as one of the most important necrotrophic pathogens in tomato fruit. Biological control method, which is an alternative method to protect fruits and vegetables during storage and shelf life, is utilized due to insufficient controlling and the disadvantages of fungicide use. In this study, a total of 33 bioagent bacteria [Agrobacterium radiobacter (A 16), Bacillus atrophaeus (TV 15B, FD 1), Bacillus cereus (TV 30D and TV 85D), Bacillus megaterium (TV 3D, TV 6D, TV 13C, TV 20E, TV 49A, TV 87A, M3, KBA 10), Bacillus subtilis (TV 6F, TV12H, TV 13B, TV 17C, OSU 142, TV 16F), Bacillus pumilus (TV 67C, TV 73A, IK 39), Brevibacillus choshinensis (TV 53D), Kyluverea cryocrescens (TV 113C), Kocuria rosea (TV 14C), Paenibacillus macerans (T 26), Pantoea agglomerans (RK 92, RK 84), Pseudomonas chlororaphis (IK 37, PM 18), Pseudomonas flourescens (FDG 37, TV 11D), Pseudomonas putida (TV 42A)] were tested against A. alternata in in vitro. According to the results of the dual culture test, the most effective isolate that prevented the development of pathogen fungi was TV 53D (83.33%), followed by RK 84 (79.76%) and TV 6F (78.57%). It is important for the use of three promising bioagent bacteria to be tested against pathogen under different in vivo conditions as a biopesticide.