Status epilepticus; The etiology, seizure type and prognosis

Abstract

Status epilepticus (SE) is the state of seizures lasting for 30 minutes or more. 50 patients (29 male, 21 female) with a diagnosis of SE have been followed up in the clinic. Partial seizures in 43 cases and primary generalized seizures in 7 cases have been observed. 14 cases of SE experienced seizure for the first time in their lives. Trigger factors could be detected in 38 of the cases which were; irregular antiepileptic treatment in 15, upper respiratory system infection in 7, intoxication in 6 (2 cases with carbon monoxide intoxication, 2 cases with alcohol intoxication, 1 case with high dose carbamazepine and 1 case with high dose analgesic and antiinflamatory drugs), cerebral infarct in 3, subarachnoid hemorrhage in 2, brain tumor in 2 cases and subdural hematoma, pregnancy and recurrence of the seizure each in one case. The reason for the seizure could not be detected in 12 cases. Seizures were under control in 35 cases. Frequency of the seizures has been reduced in 6 cases. 9 cases died (irregular treatment + upper respiratory system infection: 3, subarachnoid hemorrhage: 2, intoxication: 2, cerebral infarct: 1, brain tumor: 1). Our observations have shown that the most important reasons for the SE are irregular use of drugs and upper respiratory system infection and therefore this serious state has to be acutely improved by the means of proper treatment protocol.

Özet

Status epileptikus (SE); nöbetlerin ardışık olarak 30 dakika veya daha uzun süre devam etmesi halidir. Klinikte SE tanısı ile izlenen 50 (29 erkek, 21 kadın) hasta incelenmiştir. 43 olguda parsiyel, 7 olguda primer jeneralize nöbetler görülmüştür. 14 olgu ilk kez epileptik nöbet geçiren ve SE tablosu gösteren olgulardır. 38 olguda nöbeti tetikleyici faktörler (düzensiz antiepileptik tedavi: 15, üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu:7, entoksikasyon:6