Mediastinal Teratoma with coexisting adenocarcinoma and carcinoid tumor (somatic-type malignancy): A case report with a review of the literature

Özet

Germ cell tumors constitute 10% to 15% of anterior mediastinal neoplasms. Of these, mature teratoma is the most common. Somatic malignant transformation in mature teratoma is a very rare phenomenon. In the anterior mediastinum, few cases of malignant transforma- tion in the form of carcinoma, sarcoma, or neuroendocrine tumors have been described. We present the case of a mature mediastinal teratoma in a 24-year-old female, diagnosed on computed tomography, where both carcinoid tumor and adenocarcinoma were seen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the frst report of such a case. Malignant transformation in a mature teratoma confers a signifcantly worse prognosis and is diffcult to diagnose only on clinical and radiological evaluation. As these lesions are so rare, the treatment op - tions for these lesions are also not clearly defned. Extensive sampling and careful microscopic examination are needed when teratomas are submitted for pathological evaluation.