Efficacy and Safety of Stent, Valves, Vapour ablation, Coils and Sealant Therapies in Advanced Emphysema: A Meta-Analysis

Özet

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) methods have emerged as a new treatment option for patients with severe emphysema.Endobronchial valves and coils have been extensively studied. This review assesses efficacy, safety, and cost effectiveness of the BLVRprocedures (stent, valves, vapor ablation, endobronchial coils, lung sealant) in patients with severe emphysema. Databases were searcheduntil October 2016, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing available BLVR procedures to standard medical care or shambronchoscopy were included. Random effect model and generic inverse variance approach were used for meta-analysis. Out of 381identified records, 16 RCTs were included. As compared to recommended medical care or sham bronchoscopy, the BLVR proceduresare more effective in improving quality of life [SGRQ score (WMD=−6.38; −9.12 to −3.65)] and 6MWT (WMD=24.21; 9.68-38.74)and percentage FEV1 (WMD=10.48; 7.07-13.89). Increased risk of serious adverse events (RR=2.18; 1.63–2.93), specifically for chronicpulmonary obstructive disease exacerbations and lower respiratory tract infection combined (RR=1.37; 1.07-1.75), were observed withbronchoscopic interventions, while there was no difference in number of deaths (RR=1.25; 0.79–1.99) and respiratory failure (RR=1.13;0.57–2.21). The BLVR procedures, especially endobronchial coils, were found to be effective in the management of patients with severeemphysema irrespective of collateral ventilation. However, characterization of patients who would be most benefited from these procedures is required, and effectiveness of these procedures in long run needs to be established.