Experimental and Numerical Modelling of Dam Spillways

Abstract

Each dam structure stands specific design according to the topography and climatic conditions of the intended purpose and the region to be constructed. Because of these specifications, each water structure is unique and needs to be projected differently. In the process of designing of hydraulic structures, there are many parameters should be included in order to describe the phenomena so it is not possible to define it exactly mathematically. In this point engineers try to avoid the mistakes and find the most appropriate solutions in these structures, which are very expensive to construct. The problems that can be seen after the dam structure is constructed and moreover opened to operation can cause the loss of life and property which cannot be compensated. It is not economical either. Physical and numerical model studies may prevent the dam structure from these damages. The experimental tests and mathematical model studies in hydraulic studies are the measures of the accuracy of the study. If there is no time, area and labour limitations experimental studies may be preferable. Otherwise, mathematical model studies, which use high performance computers, may be another choice to test the structure before constructed it. As a result, any modelling within the possibilities before the construction of the hydraulic structures is important in terms of preventing serious damages of life and property losses. In this study, experimental and numerical study of a dam spillway will be presented. Differences and similarities will be shown in hydraulic view.