Emissions and source profiles of PM2.5 for coal-fired boilers in the Shanghai megacity, China

Özet

A dilution system was deployed in parallel with a reference direct sampling system to measure theemission rates of PM2.5 and filterable particulate matters (FPM) and to establish the PM2.5 source profilesfor coal-fired boilers in Shanghai, China. Three representative stacks were tested and twelve sets ofsamples were collected over six days with four runs per stack. The filters were weighed and analyzed forPM2.5 mass and chemical composition. The PM2.5 mass concentration for stationary sources equippedwith high efficiency dust removal devices was approximately 8.7 mg/m3 on average, with a range of 4.8e13.1 mg/m3, while the PM2.5/FPM ratio was 0.72 on average with a range of 0.55e0.94. The chemicalcomponents of PM2.5 were normalized to PM2.5 mass measured from the Teflon-membrane filters aftersubtracting system blank. With these data the local coal-fired source primary PM2.5 profiles in Shanghaiwere established, showing characteristics of high abundances of SO42, Ca2þ, Al, Fe, S, organic carbon,and geological materials. The PM2.5 source profiles derived from this study showed significant differencesfrom those reported in the literature, underlying the importance of establishing local source profiles forreceptor-oriented source apportionment models.