Feto-Maternal Risks related with Glucose Intolerance in Pregnancy

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease charecterized by insuffficient secretion and/or insufficient effect of insulin as a result of viarious etiologic causes. Parallel with its prevalance in the population, 1-14% of the pregnancies are complicated by gestational DM and 0.5% by pregestational DM In this study we intended to detect the risks related with glucose intolerence and tried to investigate the efficacy of our treatment protocols by comparing our data with the current literature. In order to investigate the maternal and perinatal effects of gluose intolerence, 16 pregnant woman with pregestational DM, 67 with gestational DM and 21 with impared glucose tolerence are compared with 119 normoglyicemic pregnant woman. Statictically significant difference was found between groups with regard to the birth weight (p<O.Ol) Mean birthweight ofth GDM group was significantly higher than the normoglycemic group(p:0.018; p<0.05);. No differences were found between the birthweight of other groups (p>0.05). After we thoroughly reviewed the data of these pregnancies that we frequently follow in our clinic, it is beter understood that the pregnancies complicated by DM are in the high risk group.

Özet

Diabetes mellitus(DM), t;e~itli etiyolojik nedenlerle insiilinin yetersiz salmmasl ve/veya yetersiz etkisi sonucu ortaya t;lkan ve hiperglisemi ile karakterize metabolik bir hastallktlr. Toplumdaki yaygmllgma paralel olarak degi~ik popiilasyonlarda gebeliklerin %1-14 'ii gestasyonel diyabet, %0.5 'i de pregestasyonel diyabet ile komplike olmaktadlr. Biz bu t;alz~mada glikoz intoleranslyla ilgili riskleri saptamayl ve bun/an literatiirdeki mevcut bilgilerle klyaslayarak takip ve tedavi protokollerimizin etkinligini ar~tlrmayl amat;ladlk. Degi~ik diizeydeki glikoz intoleransmm maternal ve perinatal sonut;lara etkisini ar~tlrmak it;in 16 pregestasyonel, 67 gestasyonel diyabetik(GDM) ve 21 bozulmu~ glikoz toleransh gebe, 119 normoglisemik gebe ile kar~lla~tmldl. Dogum kilosuna gore gruplar arasmda istatistiksel olarak ileri diizeyde anlamll farkhllk bulunmaktadlr(p O, 05 ). Hastanemizde slkt;a takip ettigimiz bu gebelerin t;lktllanm derleyip topluca ortaya koydugumuzda diyabetle komplike olmu~ gebelerin gert;ekten de yiiksek riskli gebelikler smlfmda oldugu t;ok daha net anl~llml~tlr.