Surgical Management of Subretinal Hemorrhage

Özet

Large submacular hemorrhage, an uncommon manifestation of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Submacular hemorrhage damages photoreceptors due to iron toxicity and reduced nutrient fl ux. Multiple treatment modalities have been suggested including intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections, pneumatic displacement with or without adjuvant intravitreal tissue plasminogen activator, and pars plana vitrectomy with or without adjuvant subretinal tissue plasminogen activator, macular translocation or RPE-choroidal patch graft. While no consensus exists, the preferred technique is often determined by the extent or duration of the hemorrhage and surgeon preference. In this review, surgical treatments will be discussed in submacular hemorrhage.