The role of lipid peroxides in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia

Abstract

Objective: Comparison of lipid peroxides which are said to play a role in etiology of preeclampsia between normal and preeclamptic pregnant women is carried out in this study. Material and Method: Twenty mild (group 1), 20 severe (group 2) preeclamptic and 20 normal pregnant women were recruited into study between April 1999 and June 2000. Preeclampsia was defined as arterial tension >140/90 mmHg and proteinuria >300 mg/day during 3.trimester. Severe preeclampsia criteria were arterial tension >160/110 mmHg and proteinuria >3 gr/day. Malondialdehide, cholesterol, trigliserid, uric acid, albumin and total protein levels in sera were determined between 28.-38. gestational weeks. Student-t test and simple correlation analysis were used for statistics. Results: Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in group 1 and 2 than control group (p<0.05). The mean malondialdehide levels in group 1 and 2 were significantly higher (respectively 4.61, 5.83 nmol/ml) than control group (3.97 nmol/ml) (p<0.05). High malondialdehide level correlated with high systolic and diastolic blood pressure (respectively: r1: 0.83, r2: 0.79). The mean uric acid levels in group 1 and 2 (respectively 6.76, 7.83 mg/dl) were significantly higher than control group (4.36 mg/dl) (p<0.05). For other, parameters there was no difference between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The significantly high malondialdehide, one of lipid peroxides, level in sera of preeclamptic women may cause endothelial damage, vasoconstriction and platelet membrane damage leading to hypertension through disorganization of prostaglandine metabolism.

Özet

Amaç: Preeklampsi patogenezinde rol oynayan lipid peroksitlerin normal ve preeklamptik gebelerdeki serum düzeylerini karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemek. Gereç ve Yöntem: Nisan 1999-Haziran 2000 tarihleri arasında kliniğimize başvuran 20 hafif preeklamptik (grup 1), 20 ağır preeklamptik (grup 2) ve 20 sağlıklı gebe (grup 3) çalışmaya alındı. Preeklampsi, 3.trimesterde arteriyal basıncın >140/90 mmHg ve proteinürinin >300 mg/gün olması şeklinde tanımlandı. Ağır preeklampsi kriteri ise arteriyal basıncın >160/110 mmHg ve proteinürinin >3 gr/gün olması idi. Gebeliğin 28.-38.haftaları arasında serum lipid peroksit düzeyi için malondialdehid, kolesterol, trigliserid, ürik asid, albumin, total protein tayini yapıldı. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede Student t testi ve basit korelasyon analizi kullanıldı Bulgular: Grup 1 ve 2'de sistolik ve diastolik kan basınçları kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı yüksekti (p 0.05). Sonuç: Preeklamptik gebelerde malondialdehid seviyesinin anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu; lipid peroksitlerin prostaglandin mekanizmasını bozarak endotel hasarı, vazokonstriksiyon ve trombosit membran bozukluğuna yol açıp hipertansiyona neden olabileceği sonucuna varıldı.